不同品种西瓜、甜瓜中6种重金属富集能力的差异性分析

Differential analysis of the enrichment capacity of 6 kinds of heavy metals in different varieties of watermelon and melon

目的明确不同品种西瓜、甜瓜重金属富集能力的差异。方法以不同品种西瓜、甜瓜果实及其对应根际土壤为实验材料,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry,ICP-MS)分析了实验材料中Cr、Ni、Cu、As、Cd、Pb 6种重金属元素的含量,进而通过富集系数,分别评估了西瓜、甜瓜6种重金属富集能力的差异,并采用聚类分析,以6种重金属为评判指标,开展了受试品种重金属富集能力强弱的分类与探讨。结果9个西瓜、10个甜瓜品种中6种重金属含量变异系数范围分别为11.756%~18.943%、19.519%~48.110%,不同品种西瓜、甜瓜富集系数极大值与极小值比值范围分别为2.0~3.7、1.7~22.2;西瓜、甜瓜富集能力较强的重金属种类有所不同,西瓜为Cd和Pb,甜瓜为Cd和As;9个西瓜、10个甜瓜品种中6种重金属富集能力可分别聚为4类和3类,西瓜E212和甜瓜K11-4品种兼具6种重金属富集能力相对较弱的特点。结论西瓜、甜瓜中6种重金属含量及富集能力品种间存在较大差异,西瓜E212和甜瓜K11-4品种适合作为6种重金属低富集品种,应用于污染区的栽培种植。

Objective To identify the differences in the heavy metal enrichment capacity of different varieties of watermelon and melon.Methods The inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS)was used to analyze the contents of Cr,Ni,Cu,As,Cd and Pb in different varieties of watermelon and melon fruits and their corresponding inter-root soils and then assessed the differences in the enrichment capacity of 6 kinds of heavy metals in watermelon and melon respectively by enrichment coefficients,and carried out the classification and discussion of the strength of heavy metal enrichment capacity of the tested varieties by using cluster analysis,using 6 kinds of heavy metals as the judgment index.Results The coefficients of variation of 6 kinds of heavy metal content of 9 watermelon and 10 melon varieties ranged from 11.756%to 18.943%and from 19.519%to 48.110%,respectively,and the ratios of the very high and very low enrichment coefficients of the different varieties of watermelon and melon ranged from 2.0 to 3.7 and from 1.7 to 22.2,respectively;the heavy metal species with a higher enrichment capacity of watermelon and melon differed,with Cd and Pb for watermelon and Cd and As for melon;9 watermelon and 10 melon varieties could be clustered into 4 and 3 categories of enrichment capacity for 6 kinds of heavy metals,respectively,while watermelon E212 and melon K11-4 varieties combined the relatively weak enrichment capacity for 6 kinds of heavy metals.Conclusion There are large differences between varieties of watermelon and melon in terms of content and enrichment capacity for 6 kinds of heavy metals.Watermelon E212 and melon K11-4 varieties are suitable as low enrichment varieties for 6 kinds of heavy metals and should be used for cultivation and planting in polluted areas.