油莎豆的营养成分、生物活性及其应用研究进展

Research progress in nutritional composition,biological and application of Cyperus esculentus

油莎豆是一种含有丰富的营养成分和多种生物活性物质的新兴油料植物,凭借着高油酸和淀粉含量,以及抗氧化、降血糖血脂、抗菌等生物活性,受到食品、营养保健和畜牧生产领域的广泛关注。近年来,油莎豆在食品、保健品和畜牧生产等领域的应用范围逐渐扩大,系统研究油莎豆的营养特性及其生物活性具有重要意义。本文概括了近年来油莎豆主要营养成分(油脂、蛋白质及多糖等)及其生物活性(降低血糖血脂、抑菌和抗氧化等)的最新研究进展,同时总结了油莎豆在食品、畜牧养殖与医疗保健等领域的综合利用现状,分析了存在的问题,展望了油莎豆未来的发展方向,以期为油莎豆资源的深度开发利用提供理论依据。

Cyperus esculentus is an emerging oil plants with rich nutrients and a variety of bioactive substances.With high oleic acid and starch content,as well as its antioxidant,hypoglycemic lipids,antimicrobial and other bioactivities,Cyperus esculentus is widely concerned in the fields of food,nutrition and animal husbandry production.In recent years,the application scope of Cyperus esculentus has been applied in food,health care and animal husbandry.It is of great significance to systematically study the nutritional characteristics and biological activities of Cyperus esculentus.This paper summarized the latest research progress of the main nutrients(oils,protein and polysaccharide,etc.)and their bioactivities(lowering blood glucose and blood lipids,bacteriostatic and antioxidant activities,etc.)of Cyperus esculentus in recent years.At the same time,this paper summarized the comprehensive utilization of Cyperus esculentus in the fields of food,animal husbandry and health care,analyzed the existing problems,and prospected the future development direction of Cyperus esculentus,in order to provide a theoretical basis for the deep development and utilization of the resources.