单胎妊娠孕妇子痫前期的影响因素分析

Analysis of influencing factors of preeclampsia in singleton pregnancy women

目的 探讨单胎妊娠孕妇子痫前期的临床影响因素。方法 选取2018年1月至2022年12月首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院产科分娩的单胎孕妇14 875例,采用多因素logistic回归方程分析孕妇子痫前期发病的影响因素。结果14 875例单胎孕妇中,年龄28~37岁,平均(32.5±4.1)岁;2 975例(20.0%)孕妇发生子痫前期。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄越大(OR=1.034,95%CI:1.017~1.052,P <0.001)、孕前BMI越高(OR=1.137,95%CI:1.118~1.155,P <0.001)、孕期增重越高(OR=1.050,95%CI:1.039~1.061,P <0.001)、产次越低(OR=0.585,95%CI:0.493~0.695,P <0.001)、辅助生殖技术受孕(OR=2.169,95%CI:1.790~2.628,P <0.001)、妊娠期糖尿病(OR=1.233,95%CI:1.050~1.426,P=0.010)的孕妇,发生子痫前期的风险越高(P <0.05)。结论 年龄、孕前BMI、孕期增重、辅助生殖技术受孕、妊娠期糖尿病是孕妇子痫前期的危险因素。应及时识别孕妇子痫前期的危险因素,尽早干预治疗,减少母婴不良结局。

Objective To expore the clinical influencing factors of preeclampsia in singleton pregnant women.Methods A total of 14 875 singleton pregnant women delivered in the Department of Obstetrics,Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital,Capital Medical University from January 2018 to December 2022 were selected,the influencing factors of preeclampsia pregnant women were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression equation.Results Among the 14 875singleton pregnant women,the age ranged from 28 to 37 years,with an average of(32.5 ± 4.1) years.There were 2 975(20.0%) pregnant women with preeclampsia.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the old age(OR = 1.034,95% CI:1.017-1.052,P<0.001),the higher the BMI before pregnancy(OR = 1.137,95% CI:1.118-1.155,P<0.001),the higher the weight gain during pregnancy(OR = 1.050,95% CI:1.039-1.061,P<0.001),the lower the parity(OR =0.585,95%CI:0.493-0.695,P<0.001),conception with assisted reproductive technology(OR = 2.169,95% CI:1.790-2.628,P<0.001),and gestational diabetes mellitus(OR = 1.233,95% CI:1.050-1.426,P = 0.010),the higher the risk of preeclampsia(P<0.05).Conclusions Age,BMI before pregnancy,weight gain during pregnancy,conception with assisted reproductive technology and gestational diabetes mellitus are risk factors for preeclampsia.Risk factors of preeclampsia in pregnant women should be early identified,and relatively intervene should be early conducted to reduce the adverse outcome of maternal and infant.