辣椒连作障碍生物防控技术

Biological Prevention and Control Technologies for Continuous Cropping Obstacles in Pepper

为了有效防控辣椒连作障碍,提高辣椒产量和品质,分析辣椒连作障碍产生的原因,如土传病害、自毒作用、农资投入过大等,并剖析生石灰消毒、生石灰消毒+深翻晒垡、菌椒轮作、施用生物菌肥和生物菌剂及轮作倒茬、增施有机肥等克服辣椒连作障碍的技术原理及防控效果,发现施用生石灰,辣椒667 m^(2)产量增加12.36%,发病率下降11.63%;采用生石灰消毒+深翻晒垡的方式,辣椒667 m^(2)产量增加13.64%,发病率下降10.34%;采用菌椒轮作,辣椒667 m^(2)产量增加28.21%,发病率下降42.86%;施用生物菌肥,辣椒667 m^(2)产量增加16.28%,发病率下降23.08%;施用生物菌剂,辣椒667 m^(2)产量增加21.95%,发病率下降26.67%;此外,轮作倒茬可减少病害发生30%以上,667 m^(2)产量增加20%以上;667 m^(2)增施腐熟农家肥1000 kg以上,可减少病害发生10%~15%,667 m^(2)产量增加12%以上,减少农药、肥料投入20%以上。

In order to effectively prevent and control continuous cropping obstacles in pepper,improve the yield and quality of pepper,the causes of continuous cropping obstacles in pepper were analyzed,such as soil borne diseases,self toxicity,excessive investment in agricultural materials and so on,and the technological principles and control effects of using quicklime disinfection,quicklime disinfection+deep plowing and sunning,rotation of edible fungi and pepper,application of biological bacterial fertilizers and agents,cropping rotation and application of organic fertilizers to overcome continuous cropping obstacles in pepper were analyzed.It was found that the application of quicklime,the yield of pepper increased by 12.36%per 667 m^(2) and the incidence rate decreased by 11.63%.The yield of pepper increased by 13.64%per 667 m^(2) and the incidence rate decreased by 10.34%when the method of quicklime disinfection+deep plowing and sunning was adopted.The yield of pepper increased by 28.21%per 667 m^(2) and the incidence rate decreased by 42.86%with the use of rotation of edible fungi and pepper.The yield of pepper increased by 16.28%per 667 m^(2) and the incidence rate decreased by 23.08%when biological bacterial fertilizer was applied.The yield of pepper increased by 21.95%per 667 m^(2) and the incidence rate decreased by 26.67%when biological agents were applied.In addition,cropping rotation could reduce disease occurrence by more than 30%,and increase yield by more than 20%per 667 m^(2).Adding more than 1000 kg of decomposed farmhouse fertilizer could reduce disease occurrence by 10%-15%,increase production by more than 12%per 667 m^(2),and reduce pesticide and fertilizer inputs by more than 20%.