适宜直播栽培的茎瘤芥品种筛选试验

Cultivars Screening of Brassica juncea Suitable for Directsowing Cultivation

为筛选适宜直播栽培的茎瘤芥(榨菜)品种,为茎瘤芥直播栽培提供参考,选用生产上主推的4个茎瘤芥品种为试验材料,比较直播条件下植株性状、产量及其主要性状的差异。结果表明:直播条件下,与对照品种“永安小叶”相比,“渝直80”“涪优928”“渝早圆100天”的株高、净菜率、空心率及白空率均无显著差异,而开展度、单株瘤茎质量、单株叶片质量、菜形指数、瘤茎产量、黄空率差异达显著或极显著水平,综合分析得出“渝早圆100天”是适宜直播的茎瘤芥品种,其株高、开展度分别为43.6、61.9 cm,单株瘤茎质量为499 g,叶片少,单株叶片质量仅346.3 g,菜形指数好,为1.22,净菜率高,为94.66%,空心率低,为8.33%,黄空发生少,瘤茎667 m^(2)产量达到2631.94 kg。

In order to screen the cultivars of Brassica juncea suitable for direct-sowing cultivation and provide reference for direct-sowing cultivation in Chongqing,four main cultivars were selected as experimental materials to compare the differences in plant traits,yield and its main traits under direct-sowing conditions.The results showed that there were no significant differences in plant height,net vegetable percentage,hollowness percentage and white space percentage among cultivars'Yuzhi 80''Fuyou 928'and'Yuzaoyuan 100 days'compared with the control cultivar'Yongan Xiaoye'under conditions of direct-sowing,while the differences in spreading degree,stalk mass per plant,leaf mass per plant,vegetable form index,tumor stem yield and yellow space percentage were significant or extremely significant.The comprehensive analysis showed that'Yuzaoyuan 100 days'was suitable cultivar for direct-sowing.The plant height and spreading degree were 43.6 cm and 61.9 cm respectively,the tumor stem mass per plant was 499 g,the leaf number was fewer,the leaf weight was only 346.3 g per plant,the vegetable form index was good with 1.22,the rate of purified vegetable was high with 94.66%,and the hollow rate was low with 8.33%,there was a little of yellow hollow occurred,and the yield of stem of Brassica juncea reached 2631.94 kg per 667 m^(2).