高速角接触球轴承保持架的运动分析

Analysis on Motion of High-Speed Angular Contact Ball Bearing Cages

以球轴承动力学模型为基础,结合高速仪表转子轴承乏油润滑的实际工况,分析了轴承外圈固定内圈旋转和内外圈反转2种工况下保持架的受力和运动状态,并通过力的分解得到作用于保持架的各力对保持架质心运动的影响,阐述了保持架稳定涡动的机理。结果表明:保持架质心偏移产生的离心力是维持涡动半径的根本驱动力,保持架与球及引导套圈的摩擦力维持保持架的涡动速度,保持架与球及引导套圈的碰撞力抵消保持架的离心力;内外圈反转使球的公转速度接近于零时球与保持架的相互作用力较小,由于保持架不能产生离心运动而难以形成稳定的涡动;保持架的离心力有助于形成圆形的涡动轨迹,但同时会增大保持架与球及套圈挡边的相互作用力,导致保持架的磨损率增加。

Based on dynamic model of ball bearings,combined with actual working condition of high-speed instrument rotor bearings with starvation lubrication,the forces and motion states of cages under two working conditions of fixed outer ring and rotating inner ring and reversely rotating inner and outer rings are analyzed,and the influence of forces acting on cages on motion of mass center of cages is obtained through decomposition of forces,and the mechanism of stable whirl of cages is described.The results show that:the centrifugal force generated by offset of mass center of cages is fundamental driving force to maintain the whirl radius,the friction between cages and balls and guiding rings maintains the whirl speed of cages,and the collision force between cages and balls and guiding rings offsets the centrifugal force of cages;when the orbital speed of balls is close to zero due to reversely rotating inner and outer rings,the interaction force between balls and cages is small,and it is difficult to form a stable whirl because the cages cannot produce centrifugal motion;the centrifugal force of cages helps to form a circular whirl trajectory,but at the same time,it will increase the interaction force between cages and balls and ring ribs,resulting in an increase in wear rate of cages.