交通基础设施建设对农村教育代际流动性的影响分析

The Effect of Transportation Infrastructure Construction on Intergenerational Educational Mobility in Rural China

本文以中国21世纪初逐步建成的“五纵七横”国道主干线为准实验,将国家基础地理信息数据库数据和农业农村部全国农村固定观察点微观调查数据进行匹配,使用双重差分法探究交通基础设施建设对农村教育代际流动性的影响。研究发现:交通基础设施建设显著提升了农村教育代际流动性;相较于男性子代,交通基础设施建设对女性子代与父代之间的教育代际流动性影响更显著。拓展性分析发现:一方面,交通基础设施建设增加了低学历父代的外出务工时间和外出务工收入,有助于农村教育代际流动性的提升;另一方面,交通基础设施建设对子代外出务工行为没有显著影响。

This study utilizes the“Five Verticals and Seven Horizontals”National Trunk Highway System,which was gradually developed in China during the early 21st century,as a quasi-natural experiment.By combining the geographic information data of the highway system with the national Fixed Observation Rural Survey data,we employ a difference-in-differences strategy to examine the influence of transportation infrastructure construction on intergenerational educational mobility in rural China.We find that transportation infrastructure construction significantly increases intergenerational educational mobility.Heterogeneity analysis reveals that compared to male offspring,transportation infrastructure construction has a more significant impact on intergenerational educational mobility for female offspring and their fathers.Further analysis indicates,on one hand,that transportation infrastructure construction increases the amount of time and income from working outside the village for fathers with lower educational attainment,which promotes intergenerational educational mobility in rural China.On the other hand,transportation infrastructure construction does not have a significant impact on the behavior of working outside the village for the offspring.