潍坊市养老机构老年人睡眠质量及影响因素调查研究

A study on sleep quality and its influencing factors among the aged in nursing homes for seniors in Weifang city

目的睡眠状况是关乎老年人身心健康的重要指标,本研究通过对潍坊市养老机构老年人的睡眠状况进行调查研究,并分析其影响因素,以期提高入住养老机构老年人的生活质量。方法利用阿森斯失眠量表(AIS)、广泛性焦虑量表(简版)(GAD-2)对453名养老机构的老年人开展问卷调查。采用单因素分析和多因素分析的方法对影响养老机构老年人睡眠质量及影响因素进行分析。结果104人(23.0%)得分为4~6分,疑似睡眠障碍;106人(23.4%)得分为7分及以上,为睡眠障碍。睡眠障碍诊出率为23.4%;GAD-2量表得分为3分及以上者有36人(7.9%),焦虑症状诊出率为7.9%。将单因素分析结果为阳性的变量纳入多元线性回归方程分析,得出焦虑、疼痛评分、有无吞咽困难、养老机构星级、是否患有慢性病及慢性病对日常生活影响等因素与养老机构老年人睡眠障碍显著相关。结论缓解老年人的疼痛、积极应对慢性病、加大社会支持力度提升老年人的心理应对能力、规范养老机构管理等对提高老年人睡眠有帮助。

Objective Sleep status is an important index related to the physical and mental health of the elderly.This study investigated the sleep status of the elderly in nursing homes in Weifang and analyzed the influencing factors,in order to improve the quality of life of elderly people living in institutions for the aged.Methods A total of 453 elderly people were investigated with the Athens insomnia scale and Generalized Anxiety Scale(GAD-2).Single factor analysis and multi-factor analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors of sleep quality of the elderly in nursing homes.Results 104(23.0%)people had a score of 4~6,they ware suspected of having sleep disorders,106(23.4%)people had a score of 7 or more,they suffer from sleep disorders.The diagnosis rate of sleep disorder was 23.4%,There were 36(7.9%)people with GAD-2 score of 3 or more,and the diagnosis rate of anxiety symptoms was 7.9%.The variables with positive results of single factor analysis were included in the analysis of multiple linear regression equations,the results showed that anxiety,pain score,dysphagia,nursing home star rating,chronic disease and the impact of chronic disease on daily life were significantly related to sleep disorders.Conclusion It is helpful to improve the sleep of the aged to alleviate their pain,to deal with chronic diseases actively,to increase social support,to improve their psychological coping ability,and to standardize the construction of nursing institutions for the aged.