跨国视野与美国亚裔史的再阐释

Transnational Perspective and the Reinterpretation of Asian American History

自亚洲人大规模移民美国开始,美国社会就开始书写亚洲人。20世纪初,社会学家率先展开对亚裔美国人的学术研究。20世纪30年代,移民史学在美国兴起,但受西方中心主义的影响,欧洲移民成为移民史当然的主角。20世纪60年代,在民权运动的兴起及多元文化主义的影响下,不同族裔群体的研究兴起,亚裔史研究也成为美国史学的重要组成部分,并保持研究活力和对史学前沿的敏感。20世纪80年代末90年代初兴起的跨国史,在很大程度上改变了美国历史的书写,亚裔史学对其尤为倚重。众多学者在跨国视野中研究亚裔史学,20世纪90年代末以来,出版了诸多有影响的历史著作。这些研究不仅拓展了亚裔研究的广度和深度,也在很大程度上改写了诸多传统观点,更为立体地展示了亚裔美国人的历史。

Writings about Asian Americans began in the American society with the mass immigration of Asians to the U.S.In the early 20th century,sociologists pioneered scholarly research on Asian Americans.In the 1930s,the historiography of immigration began to emerge in the United States,but due to the the Western centrism,European immigrants dominated the study.Under the impact of the civil rights movement and multiculturalism,research on the history of minority immigrant communities in the United States began to emerge.With the joint efforts of Asian researchers and white scholars,Asian American historiography became an important part of American historiography and maintained its research vitality and sensitivity to the frontiers of historiography.The rise of transnational history in the late 1980s and early 1990s greatly changed the writing of American history,in which the Asian American historiography played an important role.Many scholars'transnational perspective in the study brought forth many influential historical works since the late 1990s,which not only broadens the breadth and depth of Asian American history,but also rewritten many of the traditional views of previous studies,presenting a more three-dimensional study to Asian American history.