高标准农田建设对农业生产的影响——基于农业要素弹性与农业全要素生产率的视角

The Impact of Well-Facilitated Farmland Construction on Agricultural Production:From the Perspectives of Agricultural Factor Elasticity and Agricultural Total Factor Productivity

高标准农田建设通过补齐农业基础设施短板,提高了土地要素质量,成为推动农业高质量发展的新路径。在运用有向无环图框架讨论高标准农田建设对农业生产影响的基础上,本文基于280个地级市的数据,采用变系数随机前沿模型测算农业全要素生产率,运用空间计量模型探讨高标准农田建设对农业生产的影响。研究发现:高标准农田建设、农业要素与农业全要素生产率存在着时变效应;高标准农田建设对农业要素投入具有替代效应,即高标准农田建设会减少农业劳动要素和化肥要素的投入,但会增加土地要素和农业机械要素的投入;高标准农田建设会提高农业全要素生产率和农业要素替代弹性;高标准农田建设对农业生产的影响存在区域非均衡特征,即与农业欠发达地区相比,高标准农田建设对农业发达地区的影响更为显著。

The construction of well-facilitated farmland has improved the quality of land factors through bolstering weak spots in agricultural infrastructures and broken new ground in promoting the high-quality development of agriculture.Based on the DAG framework,the influence of well-facilitated farmland construction on agricultural production was discussed.This paper applies the variable coefficient production model to re-calculate agricultural total factor productivity based on the data of 280 prefecture-level cities.Spatial econometric model is used to explore the influence of well-facilitated farmland construction on agricultural production.The findings are as follows.(1)There is a time-varying effect between well-facilitated farmland construction,agricultural production factors and agricultural total factor productivity;(2)Well-facilitated farmland construction has a substitution effect on the input of agricultural factors,that is,well-facilitated farmland construction reduces the input of agricultural labor factors and fertilizer factors,but increases the input of land factors and agricultural machinery factors;(3)Well-facilitated farmland construction improves agricultural total factor productivity;(4)Well-facilitated farmland construction promotes the high-quality development of agriculture by increasing the elasticity of substitution of agricultural factors;(5)There is an heterogeneous effect of well-facilitated farmland construction on agricultural production across regions,that is,compared with agricultural underdeveloped areas,well-facilitated farmland construction has a more significant impact in agricultural developed areas.