美国外交史学环境路径的兴起与发展

The Rise and Development of the Environmental Approach to the American Diplomatic History

进入21世纪,在国际环境政治和历史学新潮流的影响下,美国外交史学者将环境维度引入研究中,开辟了美国外交史学的环境路径。环境路径不仅探讨了环境外交与国际环境合作等新题材,扩大了外交史的研究领域,而且提供了审视外交史经典问题的新视角,完善了传统研究的解释框架。此外,环境路径促进了外交史与其他历史学分支学科的融合,淡化了学科界限,提升了外交史学的影响力。然而,目前环境路径的发展尚不充分,研究领域还存在诸多空白,对于不同时段的研究也不平衡,学者对材料的选取还存在偏狭之处。今后美国外交史学环境路径的发展应着力于发掘新材料,扩展研究题材和方法,深入分析环境因素与国际冲突的产生和解决、外交议题的创制和变化、国际格局的变迁、国际体系的演变等外交问题之间的关系。

When entering the 21^(st)century,influenced by emerging trends in the international environmental politics and historical studies,the American diplomatic historians introduce the environmental dimension in their research,giving rise to the Environmental Approach to the American Diplomatic History.This approach not only explores new subjects,such as environmental diplomacy and international environmental cooperation,expanding the research field of diplomatic history,but also offers fresh perspectives for examining classical diplomatic history issues,enhancing the explanatory framework of conventional studies.Furthermore,the integration of diplomatic history with other historical subdisciplines are facilitated by the environmental approach,blurring disciplinary boundaries and augmenting the influence of diplomatic history.Nevertheless,the current state of the environmental approach remains incomplete,as there exist significant research gaps within the field,and the study of different periods exhibits imbalance,compounded by scholars'imperfect material selection.Future developments in the Environmental Approach to the American Diplomatic History should prioritise the exploration of new source materials,the expansion of research topics and methodologies,and comprehensive analyses of the interrelationships between environmental ffaactors and diplomatic phenomena,including the emergence and resolution of international conflicts,the evolution of diplomatic issues,changes in the international landscape,and the transformation of the international system.