电动汽车革命:大国产业竞争“新赛道”

Electric Vehicle Revolution:New Track for Industrial Competition among MajorCountries

汽车工业是国民经济的支柱产业,因其具有极强的产业关联效应和产业拉动效应,一直以来都是大国产业竞争的必争之地。工业革命以来,美国、德国、日本和韩国等国家凭借技术创新和产能扩张,先后成功确立了汽车工业大国地位,也成就了各自在不同时期的全球工业强国地位。当前由电动汽车革命带来的全新技术路线正在重塑全球汽车工业竞争格局,并给后发国家赶超提供了重要的“机会之窗”。为竞逐电动汽车产业这一全新“赛道”,主要经济体纷纷通过国内产业政策和国际经济外交,为其电动汽车产业链发展培育良好环境。面对在汽车工业领域实现“弯道超车”的难得机遇与日趋激烈的国际竞争,中国需要在内政、外交两个方向同时发力,以谋求在电动汽车制造中的优势地位,实现中国汽车工业的“强国之梦”。

The automobile industry is a pillar of the national economy,and,as it is closely related to many sectors and contributes to development of other industries,has always been an area of strategic importance for industrial competition among major countries.Since the start of the industrial revolution,countries such as the United States,Germany,Japan and South Korea have successfully established their status as major automobile powers through technological innovation and capacity expansion,which has also contributed to their emergence as global industrial powers in different historical periods.The new technological route brought about by the electric vehicle revolution is reshaping the competition landscape of the global automotive industry,providing an important"window of opportunity"for latecomer countries to catch up.To compete on this new electric vehicle track,major economies have been cultivating a favorable environment for the development of electric vehicle industry chains through domestic industrial policies and international economic diplomacy.Faced with the rare opportunity to overtake other countries in the automotive industry and the increasingly fierce pressure from international competition,China needs to make efforts on both domestic affairs and diplomacy fronts to gain a dominant position in electric vehicle manufacturing and help China fulfill its dream of becoming a highly competitive player in the global automotive industry.