头发中药物残留分析技术的研究进展

Advancements in Drug Residue Analysis Techniques in Hair

与其他生物样本相比,头发检测的主要优势在于检测窗口更宽。头发分析的前处理过程要比常规基质更加繁琐,主要包括采样、清洗、水解和提取净化等。用于头发中药物分析的方法主要有免疫分析法、色谱法、气相色谱/串联质谱法(GC-MS/MS)、液相色谱/串联质谱法(LC-MS/MS)等,因其高灵敏度和高选择性,GC-MS/MS和LC-MS/MS是头发中药物分析技术常用的分析方法。头发分析可提供药物成瘾史或药物毒性的相关信息,是法庭科学领域研究的热点之一,目前头发基质标准物质的相关研究较少,主要集中在违禁药物领域。回顾了过去几十年的相关研究,介绍了头发中药物分析技术和相关标准物质的研究进展。通过查阅相关文献,从头发中药物分析技术的特点、前处理过程、分析方法、应用以及相关标准物质的研究现状五个方面,对头发中药物分析技术和相关标准物质的研究进展进行综述。

Compared to other biological samples,hair offers an extended window for drug detection.The pre-treatment process in hair analysis is notably more complex than standard matrices,involving procedures such as sampling,cleaning,hydrolysis,and extraction purification.Techniques employed for drug residue analysis in hair encompass immunoassays,chromatographic methods,gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(GC-MS/MS),and liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS).Owing to their high sensitivity and selectivity,GC-MS/MS and LC-MS/MS serve as the prevalent methods for drug analysis in hair.Hair analysis can furnish information pertaining to a history of drug addiction or drug toxicity,making it a subject of keen interest in forensic science research.Presently,research related to hair matrix standard materials is rather sparse,predominantly concentrating on prohibited drugs.This article reviews the development over the past few decades in hair drug analysis techniques and related standard materials.By examining the relevant literature,this review presents an overview of the research progress in hair drug analysis techniques and associated reference materials,focusing on their characteristics,pre-treatment processes,analytical methods,applications,and the current state of related reference material research.