环境情感和经济理性:农户低碳生产行为的动因

Environmental Emotion or Economic Rationality:Motivation of the Farmers'Low-carbon Production Behavior

基于秦巴山区514户茶叶种植户的调查数据,使用Ordered Logit模型分析了环境情感和经济理性对农户低碳生产行为的影响。结果表明:环境情感(包括消极情感和积极情感)和经济理性(仅指消极生产预期)均对农户低碳生产行为具有显著影响,但作用力度逐次减弱;消极环境情感和积极生产预期在对农户低碳生产行为的影响中存在互补效应;信贷政策在积极生产预期、消极生产预期与农户低碳生产行为的关系中具有强化效应;村干部的低碳生产行为削弱了普通农户的消极生产预期。因此,要推动茶产业低碳化生产,不仅需要提升农户的环境情感水平,降低低碳生产的行为成本,而且需要通过完善市场机制、提供信贷支持、发挥村干部的示范作用等方式创造良好的环境。

⑴Background——Climate change has brought great challenges to the world.The application of low-carbon agricultural production technologies can effectively reduce carbon emissions.Qinba Mountain area is one of the national key ecological protection areas and one of the poverty-stricken areas.It is of great significance to promote the application of low carbon production technologies in this area to achieve the dual-carbon goal.⑵Methods——The research data were collected from the face-to-face interviews with the tea growers and 514 valid questionnaires conducted by the research group in Qinba Mountain area from July to August 2020.The impact of environmental emotion and economic rationality on the application of low-carbon production technologies by the tea growers and the interaction effect between them were discussed by using the ordinal multinomial logistic model.Finally,the moderating effect of situational factors was discussed.⑶Results——The tea growers in sample areas are affected by both environmental emotion and economic rationality,and there is an interaction between environmental emotion and economic rationality.The credit policy and low-carbon production behavior of village cadres play a moderating role in the impact of environmental emotion and economic rationality on the tea growers'low-carbon production behavior.Specifically,environmental emotion has a significant positive impact on the tea growers'low-carbon production behavior,while negative production expectation has a significant negative impact on the tea growers'low-carbon production behavior.The occurrence ratios of negative emotion,positive emotion and negative production expectation are 1.802,1.672 and 0.715,respectively.The effect of positive production expectation is not significant,indicating that market incentives such as price increases are not enough to motivate the tea growers.The interaction between negative emotion and positive production expectation is significant at the 10%level.With the introduction of credit policy,the impact of positive production expectation and negative production expectation on the tea growers'low-carbon production behavior is strengthened.The low-carbon production behavior of village cadres can weaken the impact of negative production expectation on the tea growers'low-carbon production behavior.⑷Conclusions and Discussions——Based on the above analysis,the following policy recommendations are put forward:First,the government should use various channels to improve the farmers'environmental emotion when promoting low-carbon production technologies.Second,the government should play a leading role in building an open and transparent market for agricultural products,and cooperate with various parties to achieve high quality and high prices for agricultural products,so as to realize the large-scale application of low-carbon production technologies.Third,the government should guide the farmers with high positive production expectation for low-carbon behavior to establish the concept of environmental protection and form social norms for environmental protection,so as to improve their negative emotion.Through the complementary effect of negative emotion and positive production expectation,the farmers will have the tendency to act,and then implement low-carbon production behavior.Fourth,while implementing the low-carbon agricultural credit policy,the government should also promote the realization of high quality and high price of agricultural products by building regional brands,so as to improve the farmers'positive production expectation.Reduce the farmers'negative production expectation through low carbon production technology subsidies and technical training.In addition,village cadres can also play an exemplary role in promoting low-carbon production technologies.