水生微宇宙研究热点及毒性对比与预测分析

Hot Spots of Aquatic Microcosm Research and Analysis of Toxicity Comparison and Model Prediction

为了解水生微宇宙的研究现状和趋势,本文对国内外相关文献发文量统计后进行了计量分析,并使用CiteSpace提取文献关键词进行了聚类和时间线分析,结果表明:①国外和国内的水生微宇宙研究发文量分别于20世纪90年代和21世纪10年代显著增加.②国内文献占比从21世纪10年代的16.1%升至21世纪20年代的26.1%.③生态毒理学研究在水生微宇宙领域占比较大.基于微宇宙的生态毒理学实验可在一定程度上反映群落水平的毒性效应,对相同暴露时间下单物种毒性实验与微宇宙毒性实验进行对比发现,两种实验的毒性数据呈显著正相关(P<0.05),且微宇宙毒性实验数据平均值较单物种毒性实验数据平均值低56%.此外,分别构建了通过单物种及水质参数预测微宇宙毒性数据的回归模型.研究显示,国内水生微宇宙相关研究正在逐步发展,且生态毒理学在国内外水生微宇宙研究中成为主要研究方向,相较于单物种毒性实验,物种在微宇宙毒性实验中种间关系的影响下对污染物更敏感.

In order to understand the research status and trends of aquatic microcosm,this study quantitatively analyzed the domestic and foreign literature on aquatic microcosm based on the statistics of publication volume,and used CiteSpace to extract keywords for cluster and timeline analysis.It was found that:(1)The number of foreign literature increased significantly in the 1990s,and the number of domestic literature increased significantly in the 2010s.(2)The proportion of domestic literatures increased from 16.1%in the 2010s to 26.1%in the 2020s.(3)‘Ecotoxicology’accounted for a large proportion in the study of aquatic microcosm.Ecotoxicology tests based on microcosm could reflect the toxicity effect at the community level.Compared with single species toxicity tests with the same exposure time,the toxicity data based on microcosm showed a significant positive correlation(P<0.05).In addition,compared to single species toxicity tests,the mean value of microcosm tests decreased by 56%.Moreover,models were constructed using toxicity data of single species to predict microcosm toxicity and water quality parameters to estimate ecotoxicity effects of organic fungicides on aquatic microcosm.This study showed that domestic research on aquatic microcosm is gradually developing,and ecotoxicology has become the main research direction in foreign and domestic aquatic microcosm research.Compared with the single species toxicity test,the species in microcosm were more sensitive to pollutants under the influence of the interspecific relationship in microcosm toxicity test.