《慧琳音义》唇音升等现象探究

Exploration of the Phenomenon of Labial Sound Elevation in Huilin Yinyi

《慧琳音义》的反切系统已经完成了轻重唇的分化,但东三和尤韵明母字则未变轻唇,轻唇化后的唇音字则存在一等与三等互切的现象。从慧琳的反切结构角度出发,集中考察了慧琳流遇通三摄唇音字的升等问题,得出慧琳反切中的唇音升等存在时间和条件上的区别,东三和尤韵明母字在轻唇化之前已丢失[i]介音升入一等,唇塞音字则是在轻唇化之后转入一等。结合唇音升等的演变过程,同时考察了慧琳流遇通三摄的韵类合流情况,得出慧琳反切的东锺韵、尤虞韵仅在唇音条件下合流,演变方向为东韵转入钟韵、尤韵转入虞韵,但存在语音层次性。

The system of Fanqie(a phonetic system)in Huilin Yinyi has successfully differentiated between light and heavy labial sounds.However,the labial characters from the Dong and You rhyme categories have not undergone the change to labiodentals.As a result,there is a phenomenon of mutual interchange between the first and third tone classes after lip sound assimilation.This paper examines the phenomenon of labial sound elevation in the Fangqie structure of Huilin Yinyi,focusing on the examination of the elevation of labial sounds in the three series of labial initials.It concludes that there are differences in the timing and conditions of labial sound elevation in Hui Lin’s Fanqie system.The Dong and You rhyme categories had already lost the[-i]medial vowel and elevated to the first tone class before labial sound assimilation,while labial stop characters were elevated to the first tone class after lip sound assimilation.By studying the evolution of lip sound elevation,the paper also examines the merger of rhyme categories in the three series of labial characters in Hui Lin’s Fanqie system.It concludes that the Dong and Zhong,You and Yu rhyme categories only merge under labial sound conditions,with the direction of the Dong rhyme merging into the Zhong rhyme and the You rhyme merging into the Yu rhyme,but with phonetic hierarchy considerations.