消防服用蓄热调温热防护材料的研究

Study on the heat storage and temperature-regulated thermal protection materials for fire suit

为增加消防服用多层织物的蓄热调温功能,在保障其热防护性能前提下,引入微胶囊相变材料(MPCM)。选取3种相变温度(37、43和49℃)、2种放置位置和4种相变材料用量(分别为多层织物质量的30%、45%、60%和100%),通过缝制法制备蓄热调温热防护材料,并将其与多层织物结合制备消防服用多层织物系统。采用改进的热防护性能测试仪及皮肤模拟传感器,动态化研究不同因素对消防服用多层织物系统热防护性能的影响。结果表明:相变温度为43℃、蓄热调温热防护材料放置在隔热层与舒适层之间,多层织物系统的热防护性能最好;随着MPCM用量增加,多层织物系统的热防护性能提升,但考虑到成本及服装的热湿舒适性等因素,MPCM用量为多层织物质量的45%时最佳,此时多层织物系统的二级烧伤时间可达257.13 s,相比未添加蓄热调温热防护材料的多层织物系统热防护性能提高了148.22%。研究为开发兼具热防护性能与蓄热调温功能的高性能热防护材料提供了理论依据。

To increase the heat storage and temperature-regulated function of multilayer fabric for fire suit,microencapsulated phase change material(MPCM)was applied into multilayer fabric under the premise of ensuring its thermal protection performance.Three different phase-transition temperature(37,43 and 49℃),two placement location and four kinds of MPCMs with different mass fraction(30%、45%、60%and 100%of the mass of multilayer fabric)were selected and the 2023thermal protective materials were prepared by sewing method and combined with multilayer fabric for fire suit.The influence of different factors on thermal protection performance of multilayer fabric systems was studied dynamically by using improved thermal protection performance tester and skin simulation sensor.The results showed that the best thermal protection performance of multilayer fabric system was achieved when the phase-transition temperature was 43℃and the thermal protection material was placed between the thermal insulation layer and the comfort layer.And the thermal protection performance was improved with the increase of MPCMs mass fraction.However,considering the factors such as the cost,thermal and wet comfort of garment,the optimum amount of MPCMs was 45%of the mass of multilayer fabrics,whose second-degree burn time was 257.13 s,increased by 148.22%compared with that of the multilayer fabrics without thermal protection material.The research provides a theoretical basis for the development of high performance thermal protection materials with both thermal protection property and temperature regulation function.