基于功能性近红外光谱的孤独症谱系障碍儿童可视音乐任务下大脑前额叶激活程度的研究

Prefrontal cortex activation in children with autism spectrum disorder under visual music task based on functional near-infrared spectroscopy

目的:基于功能性近红外光谱(functional near-infrared spectroscopy,fNIRS)探讨可视音乐任务对孤独症谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorder,ASD)儿童的大脑前额叶激活程度的影响。方法:本研究纳入18例孤独症谱系障碍儿童(ASD组)和18例正常儿童(TD组),使用22通道fNIRS系统测量两组儿童大脑前额叶静息态和可视音乐任务中儿童大脑前额叶的HbO情况。数据处理和分析通过NIRS-KIT处理软件包和其他内部自定义的MatlabR2013b实现。结果:ASD儿童被激活的通道数比TD儿童少;TD儿童rDLPFC、rFPC、mFPC、lDLPFC、lFPC区域任务态HbO的β值的平均值大于静息态的(P<0.05),而ASD儿童仅表现为lDLPFC区域任务态HbO的β值的平均值大于静息态的(P<0.05);TD组儿童的rFPC、lDLPFC、lFPC区域的HbO改变量大于ASD组(P<0.05)。结论:ASD儿童大脑前额叶存在功能激活的弱化,可视音乐任务的即时效应可以使ASD儿童大脑前额叶lDLPFC区域HbO激活增加。

Objective:To investigate the effect of prefrontal lobe activation of children with autism spectrum disorder(ASD)using the visual music task based on functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS).Method:Eighteen children with ASD and 18 typical developing(TD)children were recruited in this study.A 22-channel fNIRS system was used to measure the functional connectivity of prefrontal cortex in the resting state and the activation of prefrontal cortex in the visual music task.The NIRS-KIT processing software package and other internally customized Matlab R2013b were used for data processing and analysis.Result:The number of activated channels in ASD children was less than that in TD children.The mean values ofβof task-state HbO in rDLPFC,rFPC,mFPC,lDLPFC and lFPC in TD children were significantly higher than those in the resting state(P<0.05),whereas in children with ASD the mean value ofβof taskstate HbO in lDLPFC was higher than that in the resting state(P<0.05).The changes of HbO in rFPC,lDLPFC and lFPC in TD group were greater than those in ASD group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Children with ASD have decreased functional activation of the prefrontal cortex.The immediate effect of visual music task can increase the activation of HbO in lDLPFC region of prefrontal cortex in ASD children.