基于博弈论的云际资源市场分析方法

Analysis Method of the JointCloud Resource Market:A Game-Theoretic Approach

在经济全球化的推动下,全球经济正在演变到一种全新的模式.在这种新模式下,不同提供商之间的合作取代了单一供应商垄断市场成为了主流做法.在这个新的趋势下,云际计算(JointCloud)的概念应运而生,云际计算强调跨云合作,旨在通过不同云商的合作降低云计算的成本.考虑到平台运行过程中产生的海量数据、用户自己代入云际市场应用于模型训练的数据以及一些可以展示的结果数据,在数据权利明确的情况下也可以进行交易和二次处理,在博弈的过程中除了考虑传统的云资源还考虑可以二次加工的数据资源.针对上述场景,主要研究云际计算市场下的资源流通问题.在云际市场中,不同云商通过向其他云或消费者售卖云资源以此使得自己的利益最大化.将云际市场建模为供应链竞争模型,并且使用市场博弈对云际资源流通过程进行了分析.从理论上证明了云际市场具有纳什均衡,同时分析了新的云商加入云际对各个云商以及整个云际市场收益的影响,所得到的结果在一定程度上解释了云际生态形成的原因.

Driven by the globalization of the economy,the globalized economy is experiencing a new evolution that advocates cooperation among multiple potential competing entities rather than monopolization.JointCloud has been envisioned as a promising approach to enhance cross-cloud cooperation and exploit the price heterogeneity to reduce cloud computing costs.Considering the data produced by the working process of the JointCloud environment,the data of users and the results of users’different tasks can also be traded or processed.We consider a kind of hybrid resource in the JointCloud market,where not only traditional cloud resources but also data resources are considered.Depending on privacy and data ownership,data resources can be processed by others clouds to make more profit.Under this circumstance,we investigate the problem of resource management under the JointCloud environment wherein multiple clouds sell their resources to other clouds and consumers through a wholesale market.As resources can be sold to either clouds or consumers,we formulate the market of resources in JointCloud as a supply chain network competition model with multiple competing manufacturers and retailers offering resources.A market game is established to model the competition among clouds.We theoretically prove that the formulated market game has a Nash equilibrium.We also analyse the profit of manufacturers and retailers when a new cloud enters the JointCloud.The analysis explains the reason for the emergency of the JointCloud.