班级中的女生欺凌:特征与过程研究

Girl-to-girl Bullying in Class:Study on the Bullying Characteristics and Processes

随着女生欺凌事件的不断发生,欺凌的性别特征凸显。在对一个初一班级参与式观察的基础上发现:该班级中女生欺凌主要是强势群体对次强群体的群体欺凌、性道德污名化的言语欺凌、表意性的身体欺凌和权力欺凌。从女生欺凌的发生过程来看,欺凌双方主体的互动包括三个阶段:败坏名誉和性道德污名化的初始阶段,对立与排斥的公开化阶段以及表意性身体攻击的升级阶段。最后,文章探讨了女生欺凌发生的微观社会结构和社会关系,即:女生欺凌的互动过程相嵌于班级正式结构之中,具有很强的隐蔽性;同伴关系在女生欺凌中具有三重作用,既是女生欺凌的动机,也是女生欺凌的手段和结果。

With the continuous occurred girl-to-girl bullying,more and more people pay attention to the gender characteristics of bullying.Based on the participant observation to a first-year class in a junior high school,this article discovered that girlto-girl bullying in class Present four characteristics:it was group bullying from the dominant group to the sub-dominant one,verbal bullying including sexual stigma,symbolic physical bullying and power bullying.From the process of girl-togirl bullying,there were three stages in the interaction between the bully and the bullied:the initial stage of discrediting and sexual moral stigma,the stage of public opposition and exclusion,and at last the stage of symbolic physical attack.Finally,this article focused on the micro-social structure and social relations of girls bullying:firstly,the interactive process of bullying was embedded in the formal structure of the class,and had a concealing nature;secondly,peer relationship played a triple role in girl-to-girl bullying,as it was not only the motive,but also the means and the result of bullying.