从事实价值到应然价值:义务教育阶段课后服务的价值追寻

From Factual Value to Contingent Value:The Value Seeking of After-school Service in Compulsory Education

对教育部办公厅推广的部分地方义务教育课后服务创新举措和典型经验的内容分析发现,中小学校课后服务的基本价值表现为对象的差异取向、主体的多元取向、内容的素质取向、模式的“普惠+个性”取向和保障的公益取向等。对照新时代课后服务的价值追寻,中小学校实践仍存在学校徘徊在事实价值和终极价值之间、教师挣扎在政策制约与个体能动之间、家长困惑于责任让渡与协同育人之间等价值悖论。建议处理好“托”与“育”的关系,凸显课后服务的民生旨归;处理好刚与柔的关系,激发课后服务的内生动力;处理好内与外的关系,发挥协同育人的整合功能,进一步深化义务教育课后服务实践。

Analysing on the innovative initiatives and typical experience of after-school service in compulsory education in some localities under the General Office of the Ministry of Education reveals that the basic values of after-school services in primary and secondary schools include the difference orientation of object,the pluralistic orientation of the subject,the quality orientation of the content,the"inclusive+individual"orientation of the model and the public welfare orientation of the guarantee.Seeking the value of after-school services in the New Era,we found there are still value paradoxes in primary and secondary school practice,such as schools wandering between factual value and ultimate value,teachers struggling between policy constraints and individual activity,and parents confused between responsibility transferring and collaborative educating.We recommend to correct the relationship between trusteeship and education,highlighting the purpose of improving people's satisfaction at after-school service,correct the relationship between rigidity and flexibility,stimulating the endogenous dynamics of after-school service,correct the relationship between internality and externality,and utilize the integrated function of collaborative education,to further practice after-school service in compulsory education.