河南省花生生产体系化肥投入对环境影响分析

Effect of Fertilizer Input in Peanut Production System on Environment in Henan Province

本研究基于河南省花生2004-2021年化肥投入、播种面积、产量等数据,利用生命周期评价法(LCA)定量分析河南省花生生产化肥投入对环境的影响,以期为河南省花生产业绿色低碳发展提供参考。结果表明:河南省花生生产化肥投入总量呈升高趋势,但其构成发生了变化,表现为氮肥施用比例下降25.4%,平均施用量66.08 kg/hm^(2),占总施用量的23.5%;而复混肥施用比例上升28.9%,施用量增加,增幅达261.5%,平均施用量212.63 kg/hm^(2),占化肥总投入量的75.7%。花生氮肥偏生产力为28.35-84.10 kg/kg,平均43.66 kg/kg。活性氮排放中,NH3挥发(25.03 kg/hm^(2))>NO_(3)^(-)淋洗(4.45 kg/hm^(2))>N_(2)O排放(0.66 kg/hm^(2)),其中以NH3挥发为主,占总量的83.3%。期间河南省花生化肥投入对环境产生的平均碳排放量为129.0×10^(4)t,呈现逐年波动上升趋势,化肥生产平均碳足迹为741.46 kg/hm^(2),化肥施用平均碳足迹为481.57 kg/hm^(2),化肥生产对碳排放的影响高于化肥施用。

This study analyzed the data of fertilizer input,sowing area and yield of peanut in Henan province from 2004 to 2021.The Life Cycle Assessment(LCA)method was employed to quantitatively analyze the environmental impact of fertilizer input in peanut production of Henan province.The aim was to provide insights for promoting green and low-carbon development in the peanut industry of Henan province.The results revealed that while the total amount of chemical fertilizer used in peanut production of Henan province showed an increasing trend,there were changes in its composition.Specifically,the proportion of nitrogen fertilizer application decreased by 25.4%,with an average amount of 66.08 kg/ha,accounting for 23.5%of the total fertilizer application.On the other hand,the amount and proportion of compound fertilizer increased by 261.5%and 28.9%with an average application rate of 212.63 kg/ha,accounting for 75.7%of the total fertilizer input.The partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer for peanut is 28.35-84.10 kg/kg,with an average of 43.66 kg/kg.In activated nitrogen emission,NH_(3) volatilization(25.03 kg/ha)>NO_(3)^(-) leaching(4.45 kg/ha)>N_(2)O emission(0.66 kg/ha),among which NH_(3) volatilization accounted for 83.3%of the total.During 2004-2021,the average carbon footprint of peanut in Henan province was 129.0×10^(4) t,Overall showing an upward trend.The average carbon footprint of peanut in fertilizer production was 741.46 kg/ha,and that of peanut in fertilizer application was 481.57 kg/ha,the contribution of fertilizer production on carbon emission was higher than that of fertilizer application.