230家自然教育学校(基地)空间分布特征及影响因素

Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of 230 Nature Education Schools (Bases)

文章基于ArcGIS10.7平台,以中国林学会公布的230家自然教育学校(基地)为研究对象,通过数量分布分析、核密度分析、最近邻指数分析等方法研究目前自然教育学校(基地)空间分布特征,并通过空间叠加分析影响自然教育学校(基地)的自然和人文因素,旨在为后期自然教育学校的空间选址提供参考。结果表明:1)自然教育学校(基地)分布总体呈现“东南偏多,西北偏少”的特征。2)自然教育学校(基地)在类型数量分布上以有特定自然场所依托的为主,其中高等难度类型数量最多、低难度次之、中等难度最少;高等难度所依托的自然场所主要为自然保护地,中等难度的高密度核心点位于湖北。3)自然教育学校(基地)在高程分布上有明显的“低地性”,且集中分布于平原地区;所处的生态系统以聚落生态系统为主;集中分布于人口较多且经济较为发达的地区。

Based on the ArcGIS 10.7 platform,this paper takes 230 nature education schools named by the Chinese Society of Forestry as the research object to study their spatial distribution characteristics using the methods of quantitative distribution analysis,kernel density analysis and nearest neighbor index analysis and analyze the the natural and human factors affecting the schools using spatial superposition analysis,with the aim to provide references for the site selection of nature education schools in the later stage.The results show that:1)The distribution pattern of the nature education schools generally presents the characteristics of"more in the southeast and less in the northwest";2)In terms of type-number distribution,the nature education schools are numerously dominated by the type of specific natural places,among which the high-difficulty type is the largest in number,subsequently followed by the low difficulty type and the medium difficulty type;The natural sites of high difficulty is mainly the nature reserves,while the high-density core points of medium difficulty are located in Hubei;and 3)They nature education schools,obviously"lowland"in elevation distribution,are concentrated in plain areas.The ecosystems where the schools are located are dominated by settlement ecosystems.The schools are demographically and economically concentrated in the areas with a large population and a more developed economy.