113份玉米自交系产量与主要农艺性状分析

Analysis of Yield and Main Agronomic Characters of 113 Maize Inbred Lines

为探究不同产量要素对玉米自交系产量的影响,选择113份玉米自交系材料,对其穗重、穗长、穗粗、秃尖长、百粒重、轴重、轴粗、籽粒含水量、穗行数、行粒数等性状进行相关分析、灰色关联分析、通径分析和聚类分析。相关分析结果表明,穗重、行粒数、轴重、穗长、穗粗与小区产量呈极显著正相关,相关系数分别为0.66,0.58,0.35,0.30和0.30;穗行数和含水量与小区产量呈显著正相关,相关系数均为0.20;秃尖与小区产量呈显著负相关,相关系数为-0.30。灰色关联分析表明,小区产量与各产量性状的灰色关联度排序为穗重>行粒数>穗长>轴重>穗粗>秃尖>穗行数>轴粗>含水量。通径分析表明,各性状对产量的直接作用大小依次为穗重>行粒数>轴粗>穗长>含水量>轴重>秃尖>穗粗。通过聚类分析可以把113份玉米自交系分成4类,其中第一类30个自交系;第二类80个自交系;第三类2个自交系;第四类有1个自交系。综上所述,9个性状对玉米产量影响大小分别为:穗重>行粒数>穗长>轴重>穗粗>轴粗>穗行数>含水量>秃尖。

In order to explore the effects of different yield factors on the yield of maize inbred lines,113 maize inbred lines were selected in this study,and correlation analysis,gray correlation analysis,path analysis and cluster analysis were performed on the characters of 10 main traits which was ear weight,ear length,ear diameter,bare top length,100-kernel weight,cob weight,cob diameter,moisture content,rows per ear and kernels per row.The results of correlation analysis showed that ear weight,kernels per row,cob weight,ear length and ear diameter were significantly positively correlated with plot yield,and the correlation coefficients were 0.66,0.58,0.35,0.30 and 0.30,respectively.The number of rows per ear and water content were positively correlated with the yield of the plot,with a correlation coefficient of 0.20.Bare top was significant negative correlation with the yield of the plot,with a correlation coefficient of-0.30.Gray correlation analysis showed that the correlation degree between plot yield and yield characters was ranked as follows:ear weight>kernels per row>ear length>cob weight>ear diameter>bare top>number of rows per ear>cob diameter>water content.Path analysis showed that the direct effect of each trait on yield was as follows:ear weight>kernels per row>cob diameter>ear length>water content>cob weight>bare top>ear diameter.Cluster analysis showed that 113 maize inbred lines could be divided into 4 categories,with 30 inbred lines in the first category;80 inbred lines in the second category;The third type had 2 inbred lines;The fourth type had an inbred line.In conclusion,the impact of 9 personality traits on maize yield was as follows:ear weight>kernels per row>ear length>cob weight>ear diameter>cob diameter>number of rows per ear>water content>bare top.