不同药剂处理对水直播稻田杂草的防控效果

Control Effects of Different Herbicide Treatments on Weeds in Wet Direct-Seeded Rice Field

在浙江萧山开展了15种不同施药处理对水直播稻田杂草的防控效果及安全性评价。结果表明,在水稻2.5叶期使用30%丙草胺EC 1500 mL/hm^(2)+3%氯氟吡啶酯EC 795 mL/hm^(2)(T6)对除丁香蓼外的其他禾本科杂草、阔叶草及莎草的防效都比较理想,药后35 d株防效和鲜重防效都在95%以上。在水稻4.5叶期使用40%敌稗·氰氟草酯EC4500~6000mL/hm^(2)(T7、T12、T14)对浙北地区抗药性稗草防除效果好,药后35 d对禾本科杂草的防效均为100%;36%异恶草松CS 525 mL/hm^(2)与10%恶唑·氰氟EC 2700 mL/hm^(2)在水稻4.5叶期混用(T5)对禾本科杂草的防效较好,对1年生阔叶草杀草效果不理想,建议用作芽前土壤封闭药剂;当生产上错过土壤封闭时间时,可在水稻2叶期使用32%氰氟·丙草胺EC 3750 mL/hm^(2)封杀同步处理,然后在水稻4.5叶期使用19%氟酮磺草胺SC 180 mL/hm^(2)+35%恶草酮SC 600mL/hm^(2)的组合(T15),对禾本科杂草和多数阔叶草可取得较理想的防效。

The study was conducted in Xiaoshan,Zhejiang to evaluate the effects and safety of 15 herbicide treatments on weeds in wet direct-seeded rice fields.The results indicated that the use of 30%pretilachlor EC 1500 mL/hm^(2)+3%florpyrauxifen EC 795 mL/hm^(2)(T6)at the 2.5 leaf stage of rice provided good control of gramineous weed,broadleaf grass and sedge except Ludwigia prostrata,and the efficacy of weed mortality and fresh weight control were above 95%at 35 d after application.At the 4.5 leaf stage of rice,40%propanil·cyhalofop EC 4500 mL/hm^(2)-6000 mL/hm^(2)(T7,T12 and T14)had good effect on herbicide-resistant barnyard grass in northern Zhejiang Province,and the efficacy of gramineous weed controlling was 100%at 35 d after application;at the 4.5 leaf stage of rice,mixing 36%clomazone CS 525 mL/hm^(2)with 10%oxazocarb·cyhalofop EC 2700 mL/hm^(2)(T5)was effective in controlling gramineous weed but not so effective in controlling annual broadleaf grasses,therefore it is recommended to use it as a pre-emergence soil sealing agent;when the soil sealing time was missed,32%cyhalofop·pretilachlor EC 3750 mL/hm^(2)could be used at the 2 leaf stage of rice to seal and kill the weeds simultaneously,followed by 19%triafamone SC 180 mL/hm^(2)+35%oxadiazon SC 600 mL/hm^(2)(T15)at the 4.5 leaf stage of rice,which was comparatively effective for removing gramineous weeds and most broadleaf grass.