微山湖人工鱼礁区浮游植物群落结构特征及其与环境因子的关系

Characteristics of phytoplankton community structure in the artificial reef area of Weishan Lake

为了解人工鱼礁的投放对南四湖微山湖浮游植物群落结构的影响,分别于2021年10月(秋季)及2021年12月(冬季)对人工鱼礁区和对照区浮游植物群落结构进行调查。调查结果显示:微山湖共鉴定出8门66属143种;其中绿藻门种类最多,为64种,占总种数的44.76%,且两次调查中各区域优势种均以蓝藻门和绿藻门为主。秋季对照区、塑料礁区和水泥礁区浮游植物密度分别为1 304.17×10^(4)、3 026.30×10^(4)和4 154.82×10^(4)cells/L,多样性指数分别为2.99、2.71和2.67;冬季对照区、塑料礁区和水泥礁区浮游植物密度分别为2 091.46×10^(4)、1 639.52×10^(4)和1 286.47×10^(4)cells/L,多样性指数分别为2.52、2.51和2.54。结果表明,人工鱼礁的投放促进了浮游植物的生长繁殖,但随着鱼礁投放时间的延长,鱼礁内存在淤泥堆积的现象,减弱了其对浮游植物生长繁殖的促进作用。Pearson相关性分析表明,影响微山湖人工鱼礁区浮游植物群落结构的主要环境因子,秋季为COD_(Mn)、TP、NO_(3)^(-)-N、T、DO;冬季为TN、TP、NH_(3)-N、NO_(2)^(-)-N、DO、SD。

The phytoplankton community structure in the artificial reef area and the control area were investigated in October 2021(autumn)and December 2021(winter)respectively to understand the effects of artificial reef placement on the phytoplankton community structure in Weishan Lake,Nansi Lake.The results showed that 143 species of 66 genera and eight phyla were identified in Weishan Lake.Among them,Chlorophyta accounted for 44.76%of the total species with 64 species,and Cyanobacteria and Chlorophyta were the dominant species in each region in the two surveys.In autumn,the phytoplankton densities in control,plastic reef and cement reef were 1304.17×10^(4),3026.30×10^(4) and 4154.82×10^(4) cells/L,and the diversity indices were 2.99,2.71 and 2.67,respectively.In winter,the phytoplankton densities in control,plastic reef and cement reef were 2091.46×10^(4),1639.52×10^(4) and 1286.47×10^(4) cells/L,and the diversity indices were 2.52,2.51 and 2.54,respectively.The results showed that the placement of the artificial reef promoted the growth and reproduction of phytoplankton.However,there was silt accumulation in the reef with the extension of the placement time,which weakened the promotion effect of phytoplankton growth and reproduction.Pearson correlation analysis showed that COD Mn,TP,NO_(3)^(-)-N,T and DO were the main environmental factors affecting phytoplankton community structure in Weishan Lake artificial reef area in autumn.In winter,TN,TP,NH 3-N,NO_(2)^(-)-N,DO,SD were the main environmental factors affecting phytoplankton community structure in the experimental area.