赣州市呼吸道伴发热症状病例的多病原研究

Study on multiple pathogens of respiratory tract cases with fever symptoms in Ganzhou city

目的探讨赣州市呼吸道伴发热症状病例的病原阳性检出情况及病原特点。方法选取2021年1月至2022年3月赣州市疾病预防控制中心收集的198例不明原因呼吸道伴发热症状患者的咽拭子样本进行研究。采用基于微流体芯片(TAC)的核酸快速检测技术进行病原体检测,记录阳性检出率以及病原类型,分析病原分布特点。结果在198例患者中,0~<6岁人群的阳性检出率高于6~<18、18~<46、46~65岁人群,年龄>65岁人群的阳性检出率高于6~<18岁人群,差异有统计学意义(P<0.005)。本次共检出14种病毒以及7种细菌,主要病原类型为流感嗜血杆菌、人类疱疹病毒4型(HHV-4)、肺炎克雷伯菌、腮腺炎病毒、乙型流感病毒。在各年龄段人群中,0~<6岁人群的HHV-4、流感嗜血杆菌阳性检出率较高,>65岁人群的肺炎克雷伯菌、乙型流感病毒阳性检出率较高,6~<47岁人群的腮腺炎病毒阳性检出率较高。不同年龄段的主要病原类型分布阳性检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在198例患者中,体温正常95例,低热61例,中度发热20例,高热22例。中度发热、高热人群的主要病原阳性检出率高于正常、低热人群,差异有统计学意义(P<0.008)。结论赣州市呼吸道伴发热症状者的病毒/细菌阳性检出率以婴幼儿和老年人居多,不同年龄段人群的病原分布存在差异,且体温与阳性检出率有关。

Objective To explore the positive detection of pathogens and the characteristics of pathogens in respiratory tract cases with fever symptoms in Ganzhou city.Methods The pharyngeal swab samples of 198 patients with respiratory tract fever of unknown cause collected by Ganzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention from January 2021 to March 2022 were selected for research.Pathogens were detected using rapid nucleic acid detection technology based on taqman array cards(TAC),positive detection rate and pathogen type were recorded,pathogen distribution characteristics were analyzed.Results Among the 198 patients,the positive detection rate of the 0-<6 year old population was higher than that of the 6-<18,18-<46 and 46-65 year old population,while the positive detection rate of the over 65 year old population was higher than that of the 6-17 year old population,with statistically significant differences(P<0.005).A total of 14 viruses and 7 bacteria were detected,and the main pathogenic types were Haemophilus influenzae,human herpesvirus 4(HHV-4),Klebsiella pneumoniae,mumps virus,and influenza B virus.The positive detection rate of HHV-4 and Haemophilus influenzae among people aged 0-<6 years old was high,the positive detection rate of Klebsiella pneumoniae and influenza B virus in people over 65 years old was high,the positive detection rate of mumps virus in people aged 6 to<18 years was high.The positive detection rate of the main pathogen types in different age groups were compared,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Among 198 patients,95 had normal body temperature,61 had low fever,20 had moderate fever,and 22 had high fever.The positive detection rate of the main pathogens in moderate and high fever populations was higher than that in normal and low fever populations,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.008).Conclusion The positive detection rate of virus/bacteria in respiratory tract patients with fever symptoms in Ganzhou City is mostly infants and the elderly.The distribution of pathogens in different age groups is different,and the body temperature is related to the positive detection rate.