新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征早产儿发生支气管肺发育不良的危险因素分析

Risk factors of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature infants with neonatal respiratory distress syndrome

目的分析新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(NRDS)早产儿发生支气管肺发育不良(BPD)的危险因素。方法回顾性选取2019年10月至2021年12月在赣南医学院第一附属医院新生儿重症监护病房收治的90例胎龄在28~32周且诊断为NRDS的早产儿作为研究对象,根据是否合并BPD将其分为NRDS组(45例)和NRDS合并BPD组(45例)。采用多因素logistic回归分析NRDS早产儿发生BPD的危险因素。结果单因素分析显示两组的胎龄、住院时间、出生体重、持续气道正压通气(CPAP)治疗时间、呼吸机治疗时间、合并呼吸暂停比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,住院时间(β=0.141,OR=1.151,95%CI:1.065~1.244)、CPAP治疗时间(β=0.099,OR=1.104,95%CI:1.024~1.189)是NRDS早产儿发生BPD的危险因素。结论缩短住院时间和CPAP治疗时间是预防NRDS早产儿发生BPD的重要举措。

Objective To analyze the risk factors of bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD)in premature infants with neonatal respiratory distress syndrome(NRDS).Methods Ninety preterm infants aged 28 to 32 weeks and diagnosed with NRDS who were admitted to the Neonatal intensive Care Unit of the First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University from October 2019 to December 2021 were retrospectively selected as the study objects,and they were divided into NRDS group(45 cases)and NRDS group with BPD(45 cases)according to whether they were combined with BPD.Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of BPD in premature infants with NRDS.Results Univariate analysis showed that gestational age,length of hospital stay,birth weight,duration of continuous positive airway pressure(CPAP)treatment,duration of ventilator treatment and combined apnea were statistically different between the two groups(P<0.05).The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the duration of hospitalization(β=0.141,OR=1.151,95%CI:1.065-1.244)and the duration of CPAP treatment(β=0.099,OR=1.104,95%CI:1.024-1.189)were risk factors for BPD in premature infants with NRDS.Conclusion Reducing the length of hospital stay and the duration of CPAP treatment is an important measure to prevent BPD in premature infants with NRDS.