细胞蜡块与液基制片技术对细胞学样本ICC染色的比较研究

Effects of cell block section and liquid-based smear on immunocytochemical staining of cytological samples

目的探讨细胞学样本细胞蜡块与液基制片技术对不同抗体免疫细胞化学(ICC)染色的差异。方法回顾性分析江苏省中医院2022年1月至12月的50例诊断为肺腺癌的癌性胸水样本,在细胞蜡块切片与液基涂片上分别行角蛋白7(CK7)、上皮特异性抗原(MOC-31)、天冬氨酸蛋白酶A(Napsin-A)及甲状腺转录因子(TTF-1)4个抗体的ICC染色,比较4种抗体在细胞蜡块切片与液基涂片上肿瘤细胞的免疫染色阳性表达率与染色强度的差异,采用χ^(2)检验或Fisher确切概率法。结果MOC-31、Napsin-A及TTF-1的细胞蜡块切片与液基涂片强阳性表达率比较[80.0%(40/50)比100.0%(50/50)、66.7%(28/42)比88.9%(40/45)、76.7%(33/43)比95.7%(44/46)],差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)=11.111、6.285、6.811,均P<0.05)。结论细胞蜡块及液基制片技术对浆膜腔积液样本的不同抗体的ICC效果均较好,但液基涂片能提高浆膜腔积液样本ICC染色的强度,染色质量更佳,细胞蜡块染色效果欠佳时,推荐用液基涂片行ICC染色。

Objective To investigate the differences of immunocytochemistry results between cell block section and liquid-based smear of cytological samples.Methods Fifty samples of pleural fluid diagnosed as lung adenocarcinoma in Jiangsu Hospital of Chinese Medicine from January to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.The immunocytochemistry staining of four antibodies to cytokeratin 7,epithelial specific antigen(MOC-31),aspartic protease A(Napsin-A),and thyroid transcription factor-1(TTF-1)was performed on the cell block sections and liquid based smears,respectively.The positive expression rates and staining intensities of the four kinds of antibodies in the tumor cells on the cell block sections and liquid-based smears were compared.χ^(2)test or fisher exact probability method were used.Results There were statistical differences in the strong positive expression rates of MOC-31,Napsin-A,and TTF-1 between the cell block sections and liquid smears[80.0%(40/50)vs.100.0%(50/50),66.7%(28/42)vs.88.9%(40/45),and 76.7%(33/43)vs.95.7%(44/46);χ^(2)=11.111,6.285,and 6.811;all P<0.05].Conclusion Both the cell block and liquid-based smear have good immunocytochemical effects on different antibodies in serosal cavity effusion samples,but the liquid-based smear can improve the intensity of immunocytochemical staining.When the cell block staining is not effective,the liquid-based smear is recommended for immunocytochemical staining.