滨水工业区转型中的用地多样化过程与弹性规划机制——以巴尔的摩内港为例

The Land-use Diversification Process and Flexible Planning Mechanisms to Transform the Industrial Waterfront:A Case Study of the Baltimore Inner Harbor

如何将废弃的滨水工业用地逐步转换为多样的用地类型,是研究后工业时代城市滨水空间更新的重要议题。巴尔的摩内港在跨越半个多世纪直至今日的更新过程中,逐步演变出了丰富的用地类型,为实现如今兼具活力与亲和力的滨水街区奠定了良好的基础。本文通过梳理巴尔的摩内港各种用地类型转变和复合的过程,结合更新过程中涉及的规划策略和重要事件,总结得出该项目开发前期“依托实时运营成效,灵活调整规划蓝图”,开发中期“建立公私合作平台,实现复合用地开发”,开发后期“制定用地许可框架,推动多元功能组合”的弹性规划机制,以期为我国滨水工业区再生的发展定位和规划机制提供借鉴。

How to convert the abandoned industrial waterfront into various land-use types is a crucial topic in the post-industrial era.Spanning more than half a century till now,the regeneration process of Baltimore Inner Harbor has resulted in diverse land-use types,which has laid a good foundation for this waterfront neighborhood to achieve vitality and affinity.Based on the generation and mixing process of each land-use type,and in combination with the strategies and events involved in the regeneration process,this paper summarizes three flexible planning mechanisms,including“adjustment of blueprint based on real-time operation results at the early stage”,“building a public-private cooperation platform to promote the mixed-use development at the middle stage”,and“setting permitted uses to promote multi-functional combination at the last stage”,providing references for the development orientation and planning mechanism of the regeneration of China’s industrial waterfront.