Li-CO_(2)电池碳基阴极研究进展

Research Progress of Carbon-based Cathodes for Li-CO_(2) Batteries

可充电Li-CO_(2)电池为碳捕获和储能提供了一种非常有前景的新途径。Li-CO_(2)电池通过Li阳极失去电子形成的Li+与CO_(2)、电子结合生成Li_(2)CO_(3)和C,从而实现碳捕获和能量释放。阴极催化剂对Li-CO_(2)电池至关重要,而碳基催化剂因其来源广泛、经济性好等原因成为了研究的热点。简要叙述了Li-CO_(2)电池的充放电机理和发展简史,归纳了Li-CO_(2)电池碳基阴极材料的研究进展,重点介绍了碳基材料及其改性对Li-CO_(2)电池性能的提升情况,并总结了Li-CO_(2)电池未来发展面临的挑战与问题。由于Li-CO_(2)电池在放电过程中形成的绝缘Li_(2)CO_(3)在充电过程中难以分解,容易产生积聚,最终导致电池性能快速衰减,探索具有独特结构和高催化活性的高效阴极催化剂以促进CO_(2)与Li反应以及Li-CO_(2)电池的充放电机理将成为未来研究的重点和难点。

Rechargeable Li-CO_(2) batteries offer a very promising new way for carbon capture and energy storage.In Li-CO_(2) batteries,Li+formed by the loss of electrons from the Li anode combines with CO_(2) and electrons to generate Li_(2)CO_(3) and C,thereby realizing the carbon capture and energy release.Cathode catalysts are crucial for Li-CO_(2) batteries,and carbon-based catalysts have become a hot research topic due to their wide sources and good economics.It briefly describes the charging and discharging mechanism and development history of Li-CO_(2) batteries,concludes the research progress of carbon-based cathode materials for Li CO_(2) batteries,highlights the improvement of the performance of Li-CO_(2) batteries by carbon-based materials and their modification,and summarizes the challenges and problems facing the future development.Since the insulating Li_(2)CO_(3) formed during the discharge process of Li-CO_(2) batteries is difficult to decompose during the charging process,it is easy to accumulate and eventually lead to fast decay of the battery performance.The exploration of high-efficiency cathode catalyst with unique structure and high catalytic activity to promote the reaction between CO_(2) and Li,as well as the charging and discharging mechanism of Li-CO_(2) batteries will become the focus and difficulty of future research.