Biolog-ECO解析凤香型白酒制酒车间空气微生物群落功能多样性差异

Biolog-ECO Analysis of Functional Diversity of Airborne Microbial Communities in Fengxiangxing Baijiu Brewing Workshops

为了探究不同制酒车间空气微生物群落的功能多样性差异,采用Biolog-ECO微平板技术分析了不同空气样品的微生物群落碳代谢特征。结果表明,不同微生物样品平均颜色变化率(average well color development,AWCD)均在培养144h后达到稳定,并且5个车间的AWCD值即对单一碳源的利用能力存在显著差异,老车间空气微生物的碳代谢能力和4类多样性指数均显著高于新车间。5个车间空气微生物对6类碳源的利用程度存在差异,对碳水化合物、氨基酸类、羧酸类、多聚物类和胺类碳源的利用率显著高于酚酸类。微生物代谢特征主成分分析结果表明,主成分1(PC1)贡献度为72.7%,主成分2(PC2)贡献度为14.2%,其中生产工艺相同的车间微生物群落差异较小,投产时间相同的车间微生物群落差异较小。分异代谢差异的主要碳源是与PC1有较高正相关性的α-D-乳糖、β-甲基-D-葡萄糖苷、葡萄糖-1-磷酸盐、肝糖等15种碳源,包括有9种碳水化合物、3种羧酸、2种多聚物和1种氨基酸。

In order to explore the differences in functional diversity of air microbial communities in different brewing workshops,the carbon metabolism characteristics of microbial communities in different air samples were analyzed by Biolog-ECO microplate technology.The results showed that the average well color development( AWCD) of different microbial samples reached a stable level after 144 h of culture,and the AWCD values of the five workshops were significantly different in the ability to utilize a single carbon source.The carbon metabolism ability and the four diversity indexes of airborne microorganisms in old workshops were significantly higher than those in new workshops.There were differences in the utilization of 6 kinds of carbon sources by air microorganisms in 5 workshops.The utilization of carbohydrates,amino acids,carboxylic acids,polymers and amines was significantly higher than that of phenolic acids.Principal component analysis of microbial metabolic characteristics showed that the contribution of principal component 1( PC1) was 72.7 %,and the contribution of principal component 2( PC2) was 14.2 %.The difference of microbial community in the workshop with the same production process is small,and the difference of microbial community in the workshop with the same production time is small.The main carbon sources for differential metabolism were 15 kinds of carbon sources such as α-D-lactose,β-methyl-D-glucoside,glucose-1-phosphate,and glycogen,which had a high positive correlation with PC1,including 9 carbohydrates,3 carboxylic acids,2 polymers,and 1 amino acid.