2012—2021年我国产后抑郁危险因素的meta分析

Meta analysis of risk factors for postpartum in China from 2012 to 2021

目的 采用meta分析的方法探究2012—2021年我国妇女发生产后抑郁的危险因素。方法 计算机检索The Cochrane library、Embase、Web of Science、PubMed、Scopus、中国知网、万方及维普数据库中与产后抑郁危险因素相关的文献。检索时间为2012年1月1日至2021年12月31日。将所有文献纳入Endnote中筛选,对纳入的影响因素采用RevMan 5.4进行统计学分析。结果 共纳入15篇研究,其中13篇中文文献、2篇英文文献。样本总量为19 913例。meta分析结果显示,孕妇产次与产后抑郁发生无相关性[OR=0.94,95%CI(0.47~1.86),Z=3.79,P=0.86]。高龄产妇[OR=1.39,95%CI(1.12~1.73),Z=2.99,P=0.003]、夫妻关系不和[OR=3.04,95%CI(1.94~4.76),Z=4.86,P<0.001]、非母乳喂养[OR=2.15,95%CI(1.70~2.73),Z=6.37,P<0.001]、文化程度高[OR=2.15,95%CI(1.59~2.92),Z=4.94,P<0.001]、居住条件不满意[OR=2.11,95%CI(1.45~3.07),Z=3.90,P<0.001]、产后负性生活事件[OR=1.73,95%CI(1.38~2.18),Z=4.69,P<0.001]均为产后抑郁发生的危险因素,社会支持利用度高[OR=0.48,95%CI(0.31~0.73),Z=3.44,P=0.0006]是产后抑郁发生的保护因素。结论 产后抑郁的发生是多因素相同作用的结果,护理人员应针对不同因素给予个性化干预,提高产妇生存质量。

Objective To explore the risk factors of postpartum depression in Chinese women from 2012 to 2021 using meta-analysis.Methods Computer retrieval of literature related to postpartum depression risk factors in the Cochrane Library,Embase,Web of Science,PubMed,Scopus,CNKI,Wanfang,and VIP databases was conducted.The retrieval period was from January 1,2012 to December 31,2021.All the literatures were included in Endnote for screening,and the included influencing factors were statistically analyzed using RevMan 5.4.Results A total of 15 studies were included,including 13 Chinese literature and 2 English literature.The total number of samples was 19913.Meta-analysis results showed that there was no correlation between the number of births in pregnant women and the occurrence of postpartum depression[OR=0.94,95%CI(0.47-1.86),Z=3.79,P=0.86].Elderly postpartum women[OR=1.39,95%CI(1.12-1.73),Z=2.99,P=0.003],marital disharmony[OR=3.04,95%CI(1.94-4.76),Z=4.86,P<0.001],non breastfeeding[OR=2.15,95%CI(1.70-2.73),Z=6.37,P<0.001],high education level[OR=2.15,95%CI(1.59-2.92),Z=4.94,P<0.001],unsatisfied living conditions[OR=2.11,95%CI(1.45-3.07),Z=3.90,P<0.001],postpartum negative life events[OR=1.73,95%CI(1.38-2.18),Z=4.69,P<0.001]were all risk factors for postpartum depression,and high utilization of social support[OR=0.48,95%CI(0.31-0.73),Z=3.44,P=0.0006]were protective factors for postpartum depression.Conclusion The occurrence of postpartum depression is the result of multiple factors acting together,and nursing staff can provide personalized interventions based on different factors to improve the quality of life of postpartum women.