湖南长沙、湘潭城区居民咀嚼槟榔情况及口腔健康知识与行为的调查分析

Investigation and analysis on betel nut chewing and oral health knowledge and behavior of urban residents in Changsha and Xiangtan Cities of Hunan Province

目的 了解湖南长沙、湘潭群众槟榔咀嚼情况及对口腔健康知识认知情况及行为习惯,为湖南省口腔卫生保健决策提供信息与依据。方法 2022年5—7月采用随机整群抽样方法抽取湖南省长沙市、湘潭市城区共507位居民,应用自行设计的问卷进行调查,收集问卷答案并采用SPSS 26.0软件进行数据分析。结果调查结果显示:男性群体中76.7%有咀嚼槟榔习惯,提神醒脑和想吃是其主要原因,咀嚼槟榔的原因存在显著差异性(P=0.000)。居民对咀嚼槟榔导致口腔损害的认知水平存在显著差异(P=0.000)。对于口腔健康知识的宣传,81.7%的居民愿意花时间了解口腔健康知识,以线上视频方式最为接受。结论 湖南长沙、湘潭城区居民对槟榔危害的知晓率和口腔健康知识的普及率低,所以槟榔嚼食率仍较高,应通过积极开展咀嚼槟榔危害及口腔健康知识宣传,减少嚼食槟榔行为,提升口腔健康水平。

Objective To understand betel nut chewing and oral health knowledge and behavior habits of residents in Changsha and Xiangtan Cities of Hunan Province,so as to provide information and basis for oral health care decision-making in Hunan Province.Methods A total of 507 urban residents in Changsha and Xiangtan Cities of Hunan Province were selected from May to July 2022 by the random cluster sampling method.A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate,with the answers collected and the data analyzed by the SPSS 26.0 software.Results The result of the survey showed that 76.7%of the male population had the habit of chewing betel nuts,with refreshing and craving to eat as the main reasons,and there were significant differences in the reasons for chewing betel nuts(P=0.000).There was significant difference in residents’awareness level of oral damage caused by betel nut chewing(P=0.000)understand oral health knowledge,and online video was the most acceptable way.Conclusion The awareness rate of betel nut’s harm and the popularization rate of oral health knowledge among urban residents of Changsha and Xiangtan Cities of Hunan Province are low,so the chewing rate of betel nuts is still high.It is necessary to actively carry out publicity on the harm of betel nut chewing and on oral health knowledge,so as to reduce betel nut chewing behavior and improve oral health.