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幽门螺杆菌感染与心血管疾病相关性研究进展

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摘要 幽门螺杆菌(Hp)是一种感染胃黏膜的革兰阴性细菌。有着极高的传染率及感染率,感染全世界一半以上人口(约44亿),在全球范围内人群感染率超过50%[1]。Hp被归类为Ⅰ类致癌物质[2-3],具有微生物学特性,能够在极端不利的条件下存活,如胃酸环境。Hp的传播主要通过口-口、粪-口等传播途径进行传播。口-口途径从唾液和牙斑中可检出Hp,少数可分离、培养成功,Hp在家庭内存在集聚现象,因家庭环境不同,决定其就餐习惯不同,因此,在家庭内部有较高传染率,可在被感染家庭成员中分离到同一株Hp。粪-口途径从粪便中可分离、培养出Hp,通过粪便污染水源和食物而造成流行。Hp感染是一个重大的健康负担,尽管很大一部分感染没有症状或表现出相当轻微的非特异性症状,但感染这种病原体可能会导致胃十二指肠病变,范围从轻度胃炎到胃腺癌,并且与一些胃肠道外疾病的发生发展密切相关。
出处 《吉林医学》 CAS 2023年第9期2556-2559,共4页 Jilin Medical Journal
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