声门上气道装置口咽部漏气压影响因素的研究进展

Research progress of influencing factors of oropharyngeal leak pressure in supraglottic airway device

自引入喉罩(LMA)以来,声门上气道装置(SAD)便在临床麻醉实践中不断发展,逐渐成为传统气管插管的良好替代方案。SAD最初主要用于手术室麻醉气道管理,目前越来越多地用于多种场合快速、安全、有效地建立气道,或作为困难气道的紧急通气设备。对于不同类型SAD性能的客观比较主要通过口咽部漏气压(OLP),OLP越高意味着气道的密闭性越好。围术期有多种因素对OLP造成影响,进而影响机械通气的安全性和有效性。本文对OLP影响因素的最新研究进展进行综述,以期为更好的气道管理提供参考依据。

Since the introduction of laryngeal mask airway(LMA),the supraglottic airway device(SAD)has been continuously developed in clinical anesthesia practice for a long time and has gradually become a good alternative to traditional endotracheal intubation.Originally SAD primarily used for anesthesia airway management in the operating room,it is currently increasingly used for the establishment of rapid,safe,and effective airways on multiple occasions,or as an emergency ventilation device for difficult airways.The performance of different types of SAD is compared mainly through comparing the oropharyngeal leak pressure(OLP),the higher OLP means the better sealing performance.Various factors affect OLP during the perioperative period,which then affect the safety and effectiveness of mechanical ventilation.In this paper,the latest research progress of the factors affecting OLP is reviewed to provide a reference for better airway management.