饮食疗法在炎性肠病中的应用进展

Progress in the application of dietary therapy in inflammatory bowel disease

炎性肠病(IBD)是胃肠道的慢性疾病,作为最重要的环境因素,饮食可以通过改变肠道通透性、引起微生物生态失衡以及造成免疫系统失调促进肠道炎症,进而影响IBD的发病及严重程度。关于饮食治疗IBD的证据正在增加,一些饮食干预治疗发现可获得IBD缓解,包括全肠内营养(EEN)、克罗恩病的排除饮食(CDED)、地中海饮食(MD)、特定碳水化合物饮食(SCD)以及植物性饮食(PBD)。文章就饮食在IBD发病机制中的作用以及目前常见的治疗IBD饮食策略进行综述。

Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is a chronic disease of the gastrointestinal tract.It is estimated that more than 6.8 million people worldwide have been diagnosed with IBD,and the incidence rate is still on the rise,causing a large medical burden.However,IBD is currently incurable,so there is an urgent need for effective treatment methods to reduce the burden of this disease.As the most important environmental factor,diet can promote intestinal inflammation by altering intestinal permeability,causing microbial ecological imbalance,and causing immune system imbalance,thereby affecting the incidence and severity of IBD.The evidence for dietary treatment of IBD is increasing,and some dietary interventions have been found to achieve remission of IBD,including total enteral nutrition(EEN),exclusion diet for Crohn's disease(CDED),Mediterranean diet(MD),specific carbohydrate diet(SCD),and plant-based diet(PBD).The article reviews the role of diet in the pathogenesis of IBD and common dietary strategies for treating IBD,but more prospective studies are needed to confirm the benefits of diet in IBD management.