胶原结合域-骨形态发生蛋白2-胶原软骨支架制备及其成软骨诱导

Preparation of collagen-binding domain-bone morphogenetic protein 2-collagen cartilage scaffold and its chondrogenic induction

背景:天然骨形态发生蛋白2在体内弥散和降解速度较快,降低了局部浓度和治疗效果,单纯将骨形态发生蛋白2与组织工程支架复合后不能在体内长期停留,无法达到良好的缓控释效果。目的:制备并检测胶原结合域-骨形态发生蛋白2-胶原软骨支架的生物性能及成软骨诱导效果。方法:提取SD大鼠鼠尾胶原,采用真空冷冻干燥及化学交联法制备胶原软骨支架。通过快速克隆C112-同源重组法构建表达胶原结合域-骨形态发生蛋白2质粒,通过基因工程构建并导入大肠杆菌,分离纯化胶原结合域-骨形态发生蛋白2。将天然骨形态发生蛋白2与胶原结合域-骨形态发生蛋白2分别与胶原软骨支架结合,检测支架中骨形态发生蛋白2释放水平,采用CCK-8法及F-Actin染色法检测胶原结合域-骨形态发生蛋白2-胶原软骨支架的生物相容性;将骨髓间充质干细胞分别种植在两种胶原软骨支架上进行成软骨诱导,检测其成软骨诱导活性。结果与结论:①胶原结合域-骨形态发生蛋白2与胶原软骨支架的结合率高于天然骨形态发生蛋白2(P<0.05);体外浸泡于PBS中7 d,胶原结合域-骨形态发生蛋白2-胶原软骨支架中骨形态发生蛋白2的释放量小于天然骨形态发生蛋白2-胶原软骨支架(P<0.05);CCK-8实验及F-Actin染色结果显示,胶原结合域-骨形态发生蛋白2-胶原软骨支架无明显细胞毒性,具有良好的生物相容性;②成软骨诱导14 d后的ELISA检测显示,胶原结合域-骨形态发生蛋白2-胶原软骨支架组聚集蛋白聚糖、Ⅱ型胶原蛋白A1的表达均高于天然骨形态发生蛋白2-胶原软骨支架组(P<0.05);扫描电镜下可见,两组支架孔隙内壁上均可见较多骨髓间充质干细胞贴附生长,细胞形态及大小一致,排列紧密,未出现细胞碎裂或形态异常;③结果表明,胶原结构域-骨形态发生蛋白2-胶原软骨支架具有良好的生物性能及成软骨诱导活性。

BACKGROUND:Natural bone morphogenetic protein 2 disperses and degrades rapidly in vivo,reducing local concentration and therapeutic efficacy.Simply combining bone morphogenetic protein 2 with tissue engineering scaffolds could not stay in vivo for a long time,making it difficult to achieve good sustained and controlled release effects.OBJECTIVE:To prepare and test the biological properties and chondrogenic induction effect of collagen-binding domain-bone morphogenetic protein 2-collagen cartilage scaffold.METHODS:SD rat tail collagen was extracted and a collagen cartilage scaffold was prepared using a vacuum freeze-drying machine chemical crosslinking method.The plasmid expressing collagen-binding domain-bone morphogenetic protein 2 was constructed by rapid cloning C112 homologous recombination,constructed by genetic engineering,and introduced into E.coli,and then collagen-binding domain-bone morphogenetic protein 2 was isolated and purified.Natural bone morphogenetic protein 2 and collagen-binding domain-bone morphogenetic protein 2 were combined with collagen cartilage scaffolds,respectively,to detect the release level of bone morphogenetic protein 2 in the scaffolds.The biocompatibility of collagen-binding domain-bone morphogenetic protein 2-collagen cartilage scaffold was detected by CCK-8 assay and F-Actin staining.Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were implanted on two kinds of collagen cartilage scaffolds for chondrogenic induction,and their chondrogenic induction activity was tested.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The binding rate of collagen-binding domain-bone morphogenetic protein 2 to collagen cartilage scaffolds was higher than that of natural bone morphogenetic protein 2(P<0.05).After being immersed in PBS for 7 days in vitro,the release of bone morphogenetic protein 2 in the collagen-binding domain bone morphogenetic protein 2-collagen cartilage scaffold was smaller than that in the natural bone morphogenetic protein 2-collagen cartilage scaffold(P<0.05).The results of the CCK-8 assay and F-Actin staining showed that the collagen-binding domain-bone morphogenetic protein 2-collagen cartilage scaffold had no obvious cytotoxicity and had good biocompatibility.(2)After 14 days of chondrogenic induction,ELISA detection demonstrated that the expressions of agglutincan and type II collagen A1 in the collagen-binding domain-bone morphogenetic protein 2-collagen cartilage scaffold group were higher than those in the natural bone morphogenetic protein 2-collagen cartilage scaffold group(P<0.05).Under scanning electron microscopy,more bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were observed on the inner wall of the pores of the two groups of scaffolds,and the cell morphology and size were the same,and the cells were closely arranged,without cell fragmentation or abnormal morphology.(3)The results indicate that the collagen-binding domain-bone morphogenetic protein 2-collagen cartilage scaffold has good biological properties and chondrogenic induction activity.