中西历史文化语境中的“趣味”

“Quwei”in the Historical and Cultural Contexts of China and the West

“趣味”在中西不同的历史文化语境中显现某些相同的内涵特征以及不同的社会文化意义。在围绕趣味的文化阶层区隔过程中,中国体现了审美精神的道统化、强烈的审美共同体意识以及基于家族和文人群体的组织性,而这在西方则体现为不同的方式和样态。无论是在中国传统文化还是在西方文化发展过程中,趣味都逐渐形成生活与艺术融合的趋势,但在生活与艺术表现上呈现不同的面貌。中国近代以来,文化精英阶层经历由文人士大夫向现代知识分子的身份重塑过程,这一过程与中西趣味的观念融合是分不开的。当下我们重新审视中西趣味的内涵以及所产生的社会文化分层现象,既需要充分深入地理解西方趣味理论以及西方审美文化的演化历程,也需要面向中国传统趣味观念的审美自信,从美学的视角、美学的价值出发,思考中西趣味在社会文化上的融通路径。

In the different historical and cultural contexts of China and the West,"quwei(taste)"appears certain similarities in connotations and characteristics,but differs in social-cultural signifi-cance.In the process of social stratum segment by taste,it embodies Confucian orthodoxy of aesthetic spirit,strong sense of aesthetic community,and the organization on the basis of family and literati groups in China.However,it embodies in different approaches and forms in the West.At present,reexamining the connotations of taste in China and in the West,and the phenomenon of social culture stratification which result in,we need to make sufficient and in-depth understanding of the Western theory of taste and the evolution process of Western aesthetic culture;we also need aesthetic confidence oriented towards traditional Chinese taste concepts.