油醇磺酸盐支链表面活性剂的合成及性能研究

Synthesis and Surface Properties of Oleyl Alcohol Sulfonate Branched-chain Surfactants

【目的】废弃食用油脂是一种潜在的可再生资源,将其进行资源化利用转化为高附加值精细化工产品具有重要意义。【方法】以油酸加氢后的产物油醇为原料,与亚硫酸氢钠通过双键加成磺化合成油醇磺酸盐(OAS),利用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)、高效液相色谱仪(HPLC)、高分辨液相色谱与质谱仪(HR-MS)和核磁共振波谱仪(1H NMR)等对合成的产物进行定性定量分析,并在(25±0.1)℃下对OAS进行表面张力、泡沫性能、润湿性能和乳化性能等表面活性剂性能测定,将其与具有相似结构的支链油酸甲酯磺酸盐(MOS)和直链脂肪酸甲酯磺酸盐(MES)进行对比。【结果】合成了油醇磺酸盐,并且合成的OAS可显著降低水的表面张力,具有较好的表面活性(CMC为4.17×10^(-3) mol/L,γCMC为33.99 mN/m)、良好的润湿性能(在石蜡膜上接触角低至61.7°)、优异的乳化性能(2.5 g/L溶液乳化时间为423 s)和快速消泡能力。【结论】合成的油醇磺酸盐具有支链阴离子表面活性剂的特性,在工业硬表面清洗领域具有一定的应用潜力。

【Purposes】Waste edible oil is a potential renewable resource,so it is of great significance to convert it into high value-added fine chemical products.Oleyl alcohol,as a product of selective hydrogenation of oleic acid,contains both CC bonds and hydroxyl group in its molecule.【Methods】Oleyl alcohol sulfonate(OAS)was synthesized by sulfonation of CC bonds in oleyl alcohol with sodium hydrogensulfite.The synthesized product was characterized by FTIR,HPLC,HR-MS,and NMR technique.The surface properties of OAS at(25±0.1)℃,including surface tension,wetting ability,and emulsification,were investigated and compared with branched oleate methyl oleate sulfonate and linear fatty acid methyl ester sulfonate.【Findings】The results showed that the expected structure was synthesized,and the resultant OAS signifi-cantly reduced the surface tension of water,had good surface activity(4.17×10^(-3) mol/L for CMC and 33.99 mN/m forγCMC),good wettability(contact angle as low as 61.7°on parafilm),excellent emulsification(emulsification time of 2.5 g/L solution is 423 s),and superior defoam-ing capacity.【Conclusions】The prepared OAS has the characteristics of branched-chain anionic surfactants and potential application in industrial hard-surface cleaning field.