在线庭审诉讼模式的检视与规则完善——以B市F区法院2022年在线庭审数据为分析样本

Review of Online Trial Litigation Mode and Improvement of Rules--Taking the Online Trial Data of F District Court of B City in 2022 as the Analysis Sample

随着时代发展,在线庭审诉讼模式在全国各地法院的运用越来越广泛。《人民法院第五个五年改革纲要(2019-2023)》提出要建设现代化智慧法院应用体系,从全国31家省高级人民法院及三家互联网法院在线庭审适用情况出发,结合B市F区法院2022年的在线庭审数据样本,对法官、检察官、律师等各诉讼参与人深度访谈及问卷调查,深入探究目前在线庭审诉讼模式的发展现状,仔细检视在线庭审诉讼模式的发展困境。追根溯源,在线庭审适用困境系因与传统诉讼理念规则尚未充分契合、对当事人合法诉讼权利的保护不到位、技术开发与司法需求不匹配等多重缘由引起。为实现在线庭审的长足发展,参照线下庭审的规则设计,试图在充实审判机理、完善操作规程、释放“智慧”功能等方面提出优化思路与未来展望,以期更好地将司法为民落到实处。

With the development of the times,the online trial litigation model is more and more widely used in courts across the country.The Fifth Five-Year Reform Outline of the People's Court(2019-2023)proposes to build a modern smart court application system,starting from the application of online trials in 31 provincial high People's courts and three Internet courts across the country,combined with the online trial data samples of F District Court in B City from January to December 2022,in-depth interviews and questionnaires were conducted with judges,prosecutors,lawyers and other litigation participants to deeply explore the current development status of online trial litigation mode,and carefully examine the development dilemma of online trial litigation mode.Tracing back to the source,the difficulties in the application of online trial are caused by multiple reasons such as not fully matching with the traditional litigation concept and rules,inadequate protection of the legal litigation rights of the parties,and mismatch between technology development and judicial needs.In order to realize the rapid development of online trial,referring to the rule design of offline trial,this paper tries to put forward optimization ideas and future prospects in terms of enriching trial mechanism,improving operating procedures,and releasing"wisdom"function,so as to better implement justice for the people.