中老年人医养结合养老的选择意愿及其影响因素研究

Willingness of middle-aged and elderly people to choose the integrated medical and nursing care and its infuencing factors

目的调查广州市海珠区中老年人对医养结合养老模式的选择意愿及其影响因素,为推进医养结合的发展提供参考。方法采用方便抽样法,对广州市海珠区主要社区45岁以上的中老年人进行问卷调查,共收回243份有效问卷。结果有医养结合选择意愿的占60.91%;对于医养结合的模式分类,130人(53.5%)更倾向于选择“医养签约”型,73人(30.0%)更倾向于选择“养中有医”型,40人(16.5%)更倾向于选择“医中有养”型。影响中老年人是否选择医养结合养老模式的因素有性别、年龄、自评健康状况、对医养结合的认知程度、对医养结合政策的认知程度、是否参与家庭医生签约等(P<0.05)。结论广州市海珠区中老年人对医养结合养老模式的选择意愿处于中等水平,诸多因素影响选择意愿。建议:相关管理部门和机构加大宣传力度以提高中老年人选择意愿;采取多种措施以提高中老年人支付能力;完善制度设计以加快整合医养资源;做好需求调研以优化供需配置结构。

Objective To investigate the willingness of middle-aged and elderly people in Haizhu District,Guangzhou to choose the integrated medical and nursing care(IMNC)and its influencing factors.Methods By a convenience sampling method,we conducted a questionnaire-based survey on middle-aged and elderly people aged over 45 years in major communities in Haizhu District,Guangzhou,and 243 valid responses were collected.Results Up to 60.91%of the respondents were willing to choose IMNC.The preferred IMNC mode was"contracted medical and nursing services"in 130 respondents(53.5%),"nursing with medical care"in 73 respondents(30.0%),and"medical care with nursing"in 40 respondents(16.5%).Factors affecting the willingness to choose IMNC among middle-aged and elderly people included gender,age,self-assessed health status,knowledge/awareness of IMNC,knowledge/awareness of IMNC-related policies,and contracted services of family doctors(all P<0.05).Conclusions The willingness of middle-aged and elderly people in Haizhu District of Guangzhou to choose IMNC is moderate and can be influenced by various factors.It is suggested that the government authorities and healthcare providers should strengthen the publicity to improve the willingness of the middle-aged and elderly residents to choose IMNC.Multiple measures should be taken to improve the ability of middle-aged and elderly residents to pay the IMNC.Relevant policies that facilitate the integration of healthcare resources(both medical care and nursing)should be developed and implemented.It is crucial to conduct a careful survey of supply and demands to balance the allocation structure.