博物馆保护框架下的非物质文化遗产藏(展)品征集

Acquisition of Intangible Cultural Heritage Items in Museums

博物馆多年的非遗保护实践,彰显非遗在辅助博物馆语境转换、拓展博物馆社会教育途径、提升公众介入博物馆非遗话题能力等方面有其独特的优势。基于当前博物馆非遗藏(展)品征集工作尚在开拓阶段,从博物馆非遗藏(展)品征集概念框定和现实需求角度来看,非遗藏(展)品征集存在价值认定、为展而征、介入偏差、经费不足等现实问题,需要建立完善的征集制度和实施机制、提升征集队伍的业务素养、拓展高效利用新途径、多元筹集专项经费。围绕博物馆非遗藏(展)品理念厘清“物”与“非物”、“征”与“用”两对关系,界定征集主体、适度分类等遴选原则,以推进非遗科学展陈、活态输出,引导公众对非遗产生认同及观照,进而确保博物馆功能更好的实现。

Years of practical experience in the conservation of intangible cultural heritage(ICH)in museums have demonstrated its unique advantages in facilitating the contextual transformation of ICH,expanding the avenues for social education in museums,and enhancing public engagement with ICH topics.Currently,the acquisition of ICH artifacts in museums is still in its exploratory stage,and it faces issues such as value recognition,exhibition-driven solicitation,intervention deviation,and insufficient funding.It is necessary to establish a sound acquisition system,enhance the professional competence of the acquisition team,explore efficient new approaches for utilization,and actively seek diverse funding sources to address these challenges.The relationship between"tangible"and"intangible"and"acquisition"and"utilization"should be clarified and the acquisition subject should be defined,along with appropriate classification criteria to promote the scientific display and dynamic output of ICH.This will guide the public to develop recognition and understanding of ICH,ultimately ensuring the better realization of museum functions.