液压支架结构件机器人高效焊接工艺研究

Research on High Efficiency Welding Technology of Robot for Hydraulic Support Structure

焊接是制约液压支架结构件整体制造效率提升的瓶颈工序,提高机器人焊接效率意义重大。研究φ1.6 mm焊丝机器人焊接在不同焊接参数下的焊缝成形和电弧形态、接头力学性能试验和疲劳寿命试验。结果表明:机器人采用φ1.6 mm焊丝在焊接电流500~540 A时电弧射流过渡形式明显,熔池稳定性高,焊缝成形良好,焊接接头各项力学性能均能满足要求;当电流增大到580 A时,电弧出现旋转射流过渡,电弧飘浮不定,飞溅增多,余高过高,不利于焊缝成形,焊缝熔合线较差,接头弯曲可能会开裂;机器人采用φ1.6 mm焊丝在焊接电流500~540 A时具有较高的疲劳寿命,相比φ1.2 mm焊丝焊接效率可提升50%以上。

Welding is the bottleneck process restricting the improvement of the overall manufacturing efficiency of hydraulic support structures.It is significant to improve robot welding efficiency.The welding formations,arc shapes,joint mechanical properties and fatigue life tests ofφ1.6 mm welding wire robot welding were researched under different welding parameters.The results show that the arc jet transfer mode is obvious,and the molten pool stability is high,the weld formation is good and the mechanical properties of the welding joint can meet the requirements when the welding current is 500~540 A of theφ1.6 mm welding wire by robot welding.The arc appears rotation jet transfer and floats indeterminately,the spatter increases,welding seam is too high which is adverse to weld formation,the fusion line of the welding is poor,and the joint bending may crack when the welding current is 580 A.The fatigue life is high when the welding current is 500~540 A of theφ1.6 mm welding wire by robot welding,and theφ1.6 mm welding wire welding efficiency can be increased 50%more thanφ1.2 mm welding wire.