区域大气环境治理成本测算与分摊--以长江经济带为例

Cost calculation and allocation of regional atmospheric environment governance:A case of the Yangtze River Economic Belt

区域大气环境治理成本测算与分摊是实施大气污染物和温室气体区域协同控制策略的关键,有助于明确各省市的大气环境治理责任,促进区域减污降碳目标实现。文中构建了序列SBM-DEA效率测度模型,定义了减排潜力,并通过求解影子价格得到各环境要素的单位治理成本,据此计算区域大气环境治理成本。进而构建修正的Shapley值模型进行大气环境治理成本的公平性分摊,并以逼近公平性分摊方案为目标构建修正FCAM进行效率性分摊。长江经济带的实证结果显示:2013-2025年大气环境排放物的单位治理成本整体呈上升趋势,各省市之间单位治理成本的差异较大;2025年平均环境效率为0.68,各省市有着不同的减排潜力,且大气环境治理总成本为38566.66亿元,占长江经济带总GDP的6.1%;基于修正FCAM得到的成本分摊方案能够兼效率与公平,并有着较好的可实现性。

Calculation and allocation of regional atmospheric environment governance cost is the key to implement the strategy for regionally collaborative control of atmospheric pollutants and greenhouse gases,which helps to clarify the atmospheric environment governance responsibilities of provinces and cities,and promote the realization of regional pollution and carbon reduction goals.In this paper,we constructed a sequential SBM-DEA efficiency measurement model and defined the emission reduction potential.The unit governance cost of each environmental element was obtained by solving the shadow price,and the regional atmospheric environment governance cost was calculated accordingly.Then a modified Shapley value model was constructed to fairly allocate the cost of atmospheric environmental governance,and a modified FCAM was proposed for efficient allocation with the goal of approaching fair allocation scheme.The results of empirical analysis on the Yangtze River Economic Belt show that the unit governance cost of atmospheric environmental emissions is on the rise during 2013-2025,and the unit governance cost varies greatly among provinces and cities.In 2025,the average environmental efficiency is 0.68,with different provinces and cities having different emission reduction potentials.The total cost of air environmental governance is 3,856.666 billion yuan,accounting for 6.1%of the total GDP of the Yangtze River Economic Belt.The cost allocation scheme based on modified FCAM can take into account both efficiency and fairness,and has good realizability.