贵州红托竹荪高海拔林下菌包脱袋覆土种植研究

Study and Popularization of Fungus Encapsulation and Debagging in High Altitude Undergrowth of Dictyophora rubra in Guizhou Province

为探究贵州红托竹荪高海拔林下菌包脱袋覆土种植技术措施及种植效益。选择在高海拔林下试验种植林地进行种植,在种植过程中,采用的主要技术措施有选择适宜种植林地地块、选择适宜林下种植品种(菌株)、选择优质菌包、整地及土壤消毒、脱袋覆土种植、做好发菌和出菇管理、做好病虫害防治管理、采收及加工处理。结果表明:林地面积利用率25.8%,分2年试验种植样方综合测算数据显示,鲜荪平均产量2.093 kg/m^(2),亩均鲜荪产量360 kg。菌包脱袋覆土种植是贵州红托竹荪目前技术最为先进、产量高且稳定的人工栽培模式,开展高海拔林地区菌包脱袋覆土种植技术研究,并进行大范围推广,有助于提高红托竹荪产量。

To explore the technical measures and planting benefits of fungus encapsulation and debagging in the high-altitude understory of Dictyophora rubra in Guizhou Province,the experimental planting forest land of high altitude was selected for planting.In the planting process,the main technical measures adopted included selection of suitable plots for planting woodland,selection of suitable varieties(strains)for planting under forest,selection of high-quality bacteria packs,woodland cleaning,land preparation,soil disinfection,debagging and covering soil planting,good management of bacteria and fungus emergence,good control and management of disease and insect pests,collection and processing.The utilization rate of forest land was 25.8%.The average yield of fresh sun was 2.093kg/m^(2) and 360kg per mu.Microbial bagging is the most advanced artificial cultivation model with high yield and stability.It is helpful to increase the yield of Dictyophora rubeshora in Guizhou province to carry out research on the cultivation technology of bacterial bagging and soil covering in high-altitude forest areas and popularize it in a wide range.