2022年烟台市交通路边空气污染特征研究

A Study on the Characteristics of Air Pollution Along the Road in Yantai City in 2022

分析了烟台市城市交通空气污染的特征。结合烟台市2022年各交通站点PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)、SO_(2)、NO_(2)、CO-95per、O_(3)-8h-90per、碳组分数据,分析了空气污染特征。结果表明:2022年烟台市交通点位空气质量基本处于优良水平,东海宾馆站和黄务交通站分别有23 d和32 d超过国家空气质量二级标准限值(AQI:100),超标率分别为6.3%、8.8%。各项特征因子均呈现较为明显的月际变化特征,其中PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)和CO呈现较为明显的先降后升变化趋势,冬季污染重,夏季污染轻,而O_(3)基本表现为先升后降的变化趋势,冬季污染轻,夏季污染重。作为颗粒物的重要组成成分,碳组分与颗粒物月际变化趋势较为一致,作为O_(3)生成的前体物,NO_(2)、NMHC与O_(3)月际变化趋势基本相反。针对2022年烟台交通站点中黄务交通站空气污染程度高于东海宾馆站,与黄务交通站所处港城西大街机动车通行量较观海路多,且以柴油型汽车排放为主有关,提出了应就柴油车尾气排放开展专项治理。

To analyze the characteristics of urban traffic air pollution in Yantai.Methods The characteristics of air pollution were analyzed based on the data of PM_(2.5),PM_(10),SO_(2),NO_(2),CO-95per,O_(3)-8h-90per and carbon components of traffic stations in Yantai City in 2022.In 2022,the air quality at traffic points in Yantai City was basically at an excellent level.Donghai Hotel Station and Huangwu Traffic Station exceeded the second-class national air quality standard limit(AQI:100)for 23 days and 32 days respectively,and the over-standard rates were 6.3%and 8.8%respectively.All the characteristic factors showed obvious monthly variation characteristics,among which PM_(2.5),PM_(10)and CO showed obvious trend of first decreasing and then increasing,with heavy pollution in winter and light pollution in summer,while O_(3)basically showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing,with light pollution in winter and heavy pollution in summer.As an important component of particulate matter,the monthly variation trend of carbon component and particulate matter is consistent,while as precursors of O_(3),the monthly variation trends of NO_(2),NMHC and O_(3)are basically opposite.In 2022,the air pollution degree of Huangwu Traffic Station in Yantai Traffic Station is higher than that of Donghai Hotel Station,which is related to the fact that the traffic volume of vehicles in Gangcheng West Street where Huangwu Traffic Station is located is more than that of Guanhai Road,and it is mainly related to diesel vehicle emissions.Therefore,special treatment should be carried out for diesel vehicle exhaust emissions.