“国政枢密,皆委中书”——《唐六典》描述中书门下体制的方式与态度

The Characteristics of Tangliudian on Describing Zhongshumenxia(Secretariat-Chancellery)System

《唐六典》的重要编纂体例,是依托当时行用的职员令设置篇目,同时对官员职掌另作概括。在重新概括官员职能时,其借用《周礼》的记载方式,以“掌政令”为线索,建立中书令与诸多机构长官之间的统属关系,凸显了中书令的首脑身份。而这种编纂体例更重要的意义在于用旧制度解释开元时期出现的新体制,如中书门下和使职机构,皆可使用中书令与相关机构长官之间的上下级关系予以描述。

The significant compilation approach of Tangliudian(唐六典)relies on the use of Zhiyuanling(职员令)at that time to set up the sections,while simultaneously summarizing the responsibilities of officials.In the process of redefining the roles of officials,it adopts the recording method from Zhouli(周礼)and uses Zhang Zhengling(掌政令)as a clue to establish a hierarchical relationship between Zhongshuling(中书令)and various heads of institutions,thus highlighting the paramount status of Zhongshu Ling.Furthermore,the greater significance of this compilation approach lies in using the old system to explain the new organizational framework that emerged during the Kaiyuan(开元)period,such as Zhongshumenxia(中书门下)and Shizhi(使职)institutions,which can be described using the hierarchical relationship between Zhongshu Ling and the relevant institutional heads.