传递路径分析在车内声品质优化中的应用

Application of Transfer Path Analysis in the Optimization ofInterior Sound Quality

针对某款车型在40km/h粗糙路面行驶时,车内主驾耳旁噪声声品质主观感受较差的问题。首先,采用传递路径分析(Transfer Path Analysis,TPA)方法得到每条路径对于车内驾驶员耳旁噪声的贡献量。其次,基于遗传算法(Genetic Algorithm,GA)优化BP神经网络的权值和阈值建立车内声品质预测模型,实现传递路径分析与声品质相结合,有效识别出48条结构路径中后副车架左后、右后和右前安装点Z向三条路径对车内噪声烦躁度贡献最大。最后,结合模态分析和频谱分析确定为后副车架模态问题。通过调整后副车架衬套刚度,车内主驾耳旁噪声声品质得到有效改善。

When driving a certain car at a constant speed of 40km/h on rough road,the driver had a poor subjective perception of the interior sound quality.To solve this problem,the transfer path analysis(TPA)method was used to obtain the contribution of each path to the noise near the driver's ears in the car.Then,the prediction model of interior sound quality in car was established based on the BP algorithm,whose weights and thresholds are optimized by genetic algorithm.Thus,the transfer path analysis method was combined with the sound quality.Among the 48 structural paths that were effectively identified,there were three paths including the Z direction of the left rear,right rear and right front installation points of the rear subframe contributing most to noise irritability in the vehicle.Finally,combining modal analysis and spectrum analysis to determine the root of the problem lied in the modal of the rear subframe.By adjusting the stiffness of the rear sub-frame bushing,the interior sound quality of noise near the driver's ears was effectively improved.