轴承磨损的切片式半解耦损伤数值模拟方法

Slice semi-decoupling damage numerical simulation method for bearing wear

轴箱轴承是高速动车组(EMU)走行部的关键部件,往往处于高速甚至超高速的运行状态,其轴承的磨损是一个非常突出的问题。建立转向架轴承的磨损模型,模拟在轨道激励载荷因素作用下滚动轴承的磨损状态,进行轴承的磨损损伤分析具有重要意义。针对动车组转向架轴箱轴承磨损监测难、分析难的问题,基于数值模拟方法,对轴箱轴承的磨损损伤分析方法进行了探究,为降低有限元模型的分析计算时间成本,提出了一种轴承切片式半解耦损伤分析方法。首先,将轴承三维模型径向等距切分成有限数量的二维切片,对二维轴承切片模型进行了磨损分析;然后,基于任意拉格朗日-欧拉(ALE)自适应网格偏移技术以及UMESHMOTION子程序,提出了轴承模型磨损有限元分析方法(流程);最后,利用高斯过程非线性拟合完成了三维轴承磨损状态复现,得到了轴承内圈的磨损分布规律,并对该模型的高效性与收敛性进行了对比分析。研究结果表明:利用二维切片拟合磨损分析方法的计算效率获得了大幅提高,同时该方法的准确性也较为可靠,与传统方法相比,其误差在10%以内;另外,轴承内圈磨损较为严重的区域出现在滚子与内滚道接触的边缘位置,而接触区域中心位置的磨损程度与边缘相比较轻。

Axle box bearing is the key component of running gear of high-speed electronicl multiple units(EMU),which is often in high-speed or even ultra-high-speed running state,and the wear of its bearing is a very prominent problem.It is of great significance to establish the wear model of bogie bearings,simulate the wear state of rolling bearings under the action of track excitation load factors,and analyze the wear damage of bearings.Aiming at the difficulty in monitoring and analyzing the wear of axle box bearing of the bogie,the wear damage method of axle box bearing was explored based on numerical simulation.The wear damage method of axle box bearing was explored based on numerical simulation.In order to reduce the time cost of finite element model analysis,a sliced semi-decoupled damage analysis method was proposed.Firstly,a three-dimensional model was cut radial and equidistant into a finite number of two-dimensional slices.Secondly,based on arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian(ALE)adaptive mesh migration technology and the UMESHMOTION subroutine,the finite element analysis flow of bearing model wear was proposed.Finally,the three-dimensional bearing wear state was reproduced by Gaussian process nonlinear fitting,the wear distribution of bearing inner was obtained,and the efficiency and convergence of the model were compared and analyzed.The results indicate that the calculate efficiency is improved greatly by the two-dimensional slice fitting wear analysis method,and the accuracy of the method is relatively reliable,with an error of less than 10%compared with the traditional method.In addition,the area of bearing inner race with severe wear appears at the edge of area where rollers and the inner race contact,and the degree of wear is lighter in the center of the contact area than that of the edge.